Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia

Abstract Energy expenditure (EE) during walking includes energy costs to move and support the body and for respiration and circulation. We measured EE during walking under three different oxygen concentrations. Eleven healthy, young, male lowlanders walked on a treadmill at seven gait speeds (0.67–1...

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Autores principales:	Masahiro Horiuchi, Yoshiyuki Fukuoka, Yoko Handa, Daijiro Abe, Herman Pontzer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca86a65b4208434fa407e84dadebdac6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca86a65b4208434fa407e84dadebdac62021-12-02T12:32:05ZMeasuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia10.1038/s41598-017-05068-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ca86a65b4208434fa407e84dadebdac62017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05068-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Energy expenditure (EE) during walking includes energy costs to move and support the body and for respiration and circulation. We measured EE during walking under three different oxygen concentrations. Eleven healthy, young, male lowlanders walked on a treadmill at seven gait speeds (0.67–1.83 m s−1) on a level gradient under normobaric normoxia (room air, 21% O2), moderate hypoxia (15% O2), and severe hypoxia (11% O2). By comparing the hypoxia-induced elevation in heart rate (HR [bpm]), ventilation (VE [L min−1]) with the change in energy expenditure (EE [W]) at each speed, we were able to determine circulatory and respiratory costs. In a multivariate model combining HR and VE, respiratory costs were 0.44 ± 0.15 W per each L min−1 increase in VE, and circulatory costs were 0.24 ± 0.05 W per each bpm increase in HR (model adjusted r2 = 0.97, p < 0.001). These VE costs were substantially lower than previous studies that ignored the contribution of HR to cardiopulmonary work. Estimated HR costs were consistent with, although somewhat higher than, measures derived from catheterization studies. Cardiopulmonary costs accounted for 23% of resting EE, but less than 5% of net walking costs (i.e., with resting EE subtracted).Masahiro HoriuchiYoshiyuki FukuokaYoko HandaDaijiro AbeHerman PontzerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Masahiro Horiuchi Yoshiyuki Fukuoka Yoko Handa Daijiro Abe Herman Pontzer Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
description	Abstract Energy expenditure (EE) during walking includes energy costs to move and support the body and for respiration and circulation. We measured EE during walking under three different oxygen concentrations. Eleven healthy, young, male lowlanders walked on a treadmill at seven gait speeds (0.67–1.83 m s−1) on a level gradient under normobaric normoxia (room air, 21% O2), moderate hypoxia (15% O2), and severe hypoxia (11% O2). By comparing the hypoxia-induced elevation in heart rate (HR [bpm]), ventilation (VE [L min−1]) with the change in energy expenditure (EE [W]) at each speed, we were able to determine circulatory and respiratory costs. In a multivariate model combining HR and VE, respiratory costs were 0.44 ± 0.15 W per each L min−1 increase in VE, and circulatory costs were 0.24 ± 0.05 W per each bpm increase in HR (model adjusted r2 = 0.97, p < 0.001). These VE costs were substantially lower than previous studies that ignored the contribution of HR to cardiopulmonary work. Estimated HR costs were consistent with, although somewhat higher than, measures derived from catheterization studies. Cardiopulmonary costs accounted for 23% of resting EE, but less than 5% of net walking costs (i.e., with resting EE subtracted).
format	article
author	Masahiro Horiuchi Yoshiyuki Fukuoka Yoko Handa Daijiro Abe Herman Pontzer
author_facet	Masahiro Horiuchi Yoshiyuki Fukuoka Yoko Handa Daijiro Abe Herman Pontzer
author_sort	Masahiro Horiuchi
title	Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
title_short	Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
title_full	Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
title_fullStr	Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
title_full_unstemmed	Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
title_sort	measuring the energy of ventilation and circulation during human walking using induced hypoxia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca86a65b4208434fa407e84dadebdac6
work_keys_str_mv	AT masahirohoriuchi measuringtheenergyofventilationandcirculationduringhumanwalkingusinginducedhypoxia AT yoshiyukifukuoka measuringtheenergyofventilationandcirculationduringhumanwalkingusinginducedhypoxia AT yokohanda measuringtheenergyofventilationandcirculationduringhumanwalkingusinginducedhypoxia AT daijiroabe measuringtheenergyofventilationandcirculationduringhumanwalkingusinginducedhypoxia AT hermanpontzer measuringtheenergyofventilationandcirculationduringhumanwalkingusinginducedhypoxia
_version_	1718394184213200896

Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia

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