Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.

White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging infectious disease devastating hibernating North American bat populations that is caused by the psychrophilic fungus Geomyces destructans. Previous histopathological analysis demonstrated little evidence of inflammatory responses in infected bats, however few...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Marianne S Moore, Jonathan D Reichard, Timothy D Murtha, Morgan L Nabhan, Rachel E Pian, Jennifer S Ferreira, Thomas H Kunz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca8dae0d32d74508b6f8f7971134e347
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:ca8dae0d32d74508b6f8f7971134e347
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca8dae0d32d74508b6f8f7971134e3472021-11-18T07:52:42ZHibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0058976https://doaj.org/article/ca8dae0d32d74508b6f8f7971134e3472013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23527062/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging infectious disease devastating hibernating North American bat populations that is caused by the psychrophilic fungus Geomyces destructans. Previous histopathological analysis demonstrated little evidence of inflammatory responses in infected bats, however few studies have compared other aspects of immune function between WNS-affected and unaffected bats. We collected bats from confirmed WNS-affected and unaffected sites during the winter of 2008-2009 and compared estimates of their circulating levels of total leukocytes, total immunoglobulins, cytokines and total antioxidants. Bats from affected and unaffected sites did not differ in their total circulating immunoglobulin levels, but significantly higher leukocyte counts were observed in bats from affected sites and particularly in affected bats with elevated body temperatures (above 20°C). Bats from WNS-affected sites exhibited significantly lower antioxidant activity and levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine that induces T cell differentiation. Within affected sites only, bats exhibiting visible fungal infections had significantly lower antioxidant activity and levels of IL-4 compared to bats without visible fungal infections. Overall, bats hibernating in WNS-affected sites showed immunological changes that may be evident of attempted defense against G. destructans. Observed changes, specifically elevated circulating leukocytes, may also be related to the documented changes in thermoregulatory behaviors of affected bats (i.e. increased frequencies in arousal from torpor). Alterations in immune function may reflect expensive energetic costs associated with these processes and intrinsic qualities of the immunocapability of hibernating bats to clear fungal infections. Additionally, lowered antioxidant activity indicates a possible imbalance in the pro- versus antioxidant system, may reflect oxidative tissue damage, and should be investigated as a contributor to WNS-associated morbidity and mortality.Marianne S MooreJonathan D ReichardTimothy D MurthaMorgan L NabhanRachel E PianJennifer S FerreiraThomas H KunzPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e58976 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marianne S Moore Jonathan D Reichard Timothy D Murtha Morgan L Nabhan Rachel E Pian Jennifer S Ferreira Thomas H Kunz Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
description	White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging infectious disease devastating hibernating North American bat populations that is caused by the psychrophilic fungus Geomyces destructans. Previous histopathological analysis demonstrated little evidence of inflammatory responses in infected bats, however few studies have compared other aspects of immune function between WNS-affected and unaffected bats. We collected bats from confirmed WNS-affected and unaffected sites during the winter of 2008-2009 and compared estimates of their circulating levels of total leukocytes, total immunoglobulins, cytokines and total antioxidants. Bats from affected and unaffected sites did not differ in their total circulating immunoglobulin levels, but significantly higher leukocyte counts were observed in bats from affected sites and particularly in affected bats with elevated body temperatures (above 20°C). Bats from WNS-affected sites exhibited significantly lower antioxidant activity and levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine that induces T cell differentiation. Within affected sites only, bats exhibiting visible fungal infections had significantly lower antioxidant activity and levels of IL-4 compared to bats without visible fungal infections. Overall, bats hibernating in WNS-affected sites showed immunological changes that may be evident of attempted defense against G. destructans. Observed changes, specifically elevated circulating leukocytes, may also be related to the documented changes in thermoregulatory behaviors of affected bats (i.e. increased frequencies in arousal from torpor). Alterations in immune function may reflect expensive energetic costs associated with these processes and intrinsic qualities of the immunocapability of hibernating bats to clear fungal infections. Additionally, lowered antioxidant activity indicates a possible imbalance in the pro- versus antioxidant system, may reflect oxidative tissue damage, and should be investigated as a contributor to WNS-associated morbidity and mortality.
format	article
author	Marianne S Moore Jonathan D Reichard Timothy D Murtha Morgan L Nabhan Rachel E Pian Jennifer S Ferreira Thomas H Kunz
author_facet	Marianne S Moore Jonathan D Reichard Timothy D Murtha Morgan L Nabhan Rachel E Pian Jennifer S Ferreira Thomas H Kunz
author_sort	Marianne S Moore
title	Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
title_short	Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
title_full	Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
title_fullStr	Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
title_full_unstemmed	Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
title_sort	hibernating little brown myotis (myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca8dae0d32d74508b6f8f7971134e347
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariannesmoore hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome AT jonathandreichard hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome AT timothydmurtha hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome AT morganlnabhan hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome AT rachelepian hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome AT jennifersferreira hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome AT thomashkunz hibernatinglittlebrownmyotismyotislucifugusshowvariableimmunologicalresponsestowhitenosesyndrome
_version_	1718422823695810560

Hibernating little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) show variable immunological responses to white-nose syndrome.

Ejemplares similares