Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016

Abstract Lead is a heavy metal without a biological role. High level of lead exposure is known to be associated with hypertension, but the risk at low levels of exposure is uncertain. In this study, data from US NHANES 1999–2016 were analyzed. Adults with blood lead and blood pressure measurements,...

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Autores principales:	Man Fung Tsoi, Chris Wai Hang Lo, Tommy Tsang Cheung, Bernard Man Yung Cheung
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca990bf82cba4260859e322b8955dc63
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca990bf82cba4260859e322b8955dc632021-12-02T10:44:08ZBlood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–201610.1038/s41598-021-82435-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ca990bf82cba4260859e322b8955dc632021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82435-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Lead is a heavy metal without a biological role. High level of lead exposure is known to be associated with hypertension, but the risk at low levels of exposure is uncertain. In this study, data from US NHANES 1999–2016 were analyzed. Adults with blood lead and blood pressure measurements, or self-reported hypertension diagnosis, were included. If not already diagnosed, hypertension was defined according to the AHA/ACC 2017 hypertension guideline. Results were analyzed using R statistics version 3.5.1 with sample weight adjustment. Logistic regression was used to study the association between blood lead level and hypertension. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated. Altogether, 39,477 participants were included. Every doubling in blood lead level was associated with hypertension (OR [95%CI] 1.45 [1.40–1.50]), which remained significant after adjusting for demographics. Using quartile 1 as reference, higher blood lead levels were associated with increased adjusted odds of hypertension (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: 1.22 [1.09–1.36]; Quartile 3 vs. Quartile 1: 1.15 [1.04–1.28]; Quartile 2 vs. Quartile 1: 1.14 [1.05–1.25]). In conclusion, blood lead level is associated with hypertension in the general population with blood lead levels below 5 µg/dL. Our findings suggest that reducing present levels of environmental lead exposure may bring cardiovascular benefits by reducing blood pressure.Man Fung TsoiChris Wai Hang LoTommy Tsang CheungBernard Man Yung CheungNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Man Fung Tsoi Chris Wai Hang Lo Tommy Tsang Cheung Bernard Man Yung Cheung Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016
description	Abstract Lead is a heavy metal without a biological role. High level of lead exposure is known to be associated with hypertension, but the risk at low levels of exposure is uncertain. In this study, data from US NHANES 1999–2016 were analyzed. Adults with blood lead and blood pressure measurements, or self-reported hypertension diagnosis, were included. If not already diagnosed, hypertension was defined according to the AHA/ACC 2017 hypertension guideline. Results were analyzed using R statistics version 3.5.1 with sample weight adjustment. Logistic regression was used to study the association between blood lead level and hypertension. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated. Altogether, 39,477 participants were included. Every doubling in blood lead level was associated with hypertension (OR [95%CI] 1.45 [1.40–1.50]), which remained significant after adjusting for demographics. Using quartile 1 as reference, higher blood lead levels were associated with increased adjusted odds of hypertension (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: 1.22 [1.09–1.36]; Quartile 3 vs. Quartile 1: 1.15 [1.04–1.28]; Quartile 2 vs. Quartile 1: 1.14 [1.05–1.25]). In conclusion, blood lead level is associated with hypertension in the general population with blood lead levels below 5 µg/dL. Our findings suggest that reducing present levels of environmental lead exposure may bring cardiovascular benefits by reducing blood pressure.
format	article
author	Man Fung Tsoi Chris Wai Hang Lo Tommy Tsang Cheung Bernard Man Yung Cheung
author_facet	Man Fung Tsoi Chris Wai Hang Lo Tommy Tsang Cheung Bernard Man Yung Cheung
author_sort	Man Fung Tsoi
title	Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016
title_short	Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016
title_full	Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016
title_fullStr	Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016
title_full_unstemmed	Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016
title_sort	blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the united states national health and nutrition examination survey 1999–2016
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca990bf82cba4260859e322b8955dc63
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Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016

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