Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.

<h4>Background</h4>In Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemic areas placental malaria (PM) is an important complication of malaria. The recurrence of malaria in primigravidae women irrespective of acquired protection during childhood is caused by the interaction between the parasite-expres...

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Autores principales:	Vera V Pinto, Sisse B Ditlev, Kamilla E Jensen, Mafalda Resende, Madeleine Dahlbäck, Gorm Andersen, Pernille Andersen, Thor G Theander, Ali Salanti, Morten A Nielsen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/caa8cc1f61ff437bad69a1d9c1796d27
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:caa8cc1f61ff437bad69a1d9c1796d272021-11-18T06:56:49ZDifferential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017942https://doaj.org/article/caa8cc1f61ff437bad69a1d9c1796d272011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21464946/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>In Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemic areas placental malaria (PM) is an important complication of malaria. The recurrence of malaria in primigravidae women irrespective of acquired protection during childhood is caused by the interaction between the parasite-expressed VAR2CSA antigen and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) in the placental intervillous space and lack of protective antibodies. PM impairs fetal development mainly by excessive inflammation processes. After infections during pregnancy women acquire immunity to PM conferred by antibodies against VAR2CSA. Ideally, a vaccine against PM will induce antibody-mediated immune responses that block the adhesion of infected erythrocytes (IE) in the placenta.<h4>Principal findings</h4>We have previously shown that antibodies raised in rat against individual domains of VAR2CSA can block IE binding to CSA. In this study we have immunized mice, rats and rabbits with each individual domain and the full-length protein corresponding to the FCR3 VAR2CSA variant. We found there is an inherently higher immunogenicity of C-terminal domains compared to N-terminally located domains. This was irrespective of whether antibodies were induced against single domains or the full-length protein. Species-specific antibody responses were also found, these were mainly directed against single domains and not the full-length VAR2CSA protein.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Binding inhibitory antibodies appeared to be against conformational B-cell epitopes. Non-binding inhibitory antibodies reacted highly against the C-terminal end of the VAR2CSA molecule especially the highly polymorphic DBL6ε domain. Differential species-specific induction of antibody responses may allow for more direct analysis of functional versus non-functional B-cell epitopes.Vera V PintoSisse B DitlevKamilla E JensenMafalda ResendeMadeleine DahlbäckGorm AndersenPernille AndersenThor G TheanderAli SalantiMorten A NielsenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17942 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vera V Pinto Sisse B Ditlev Kamilla E Jensen Mafalda Resende Madeleine Dahlbäck Gorm Andersen Pernille Andersen Thor G Theander Ali Salanti Morten A Nielsen Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
description	<h4>Background</h4>In Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemic areas placental malaria (PM) is an important complication of malaria. The recurrence of malaria in primigravidae women irrespective of acquired protection during childhood is caused by the interaction between the parasite-expressed VAR2CSA antigen and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) in the placental intervillous space and lack of protective antibodies. PM impairs fetal development mainly by excessive inflammation processes. After infections during pregnancy women acquire immunity to PM conferred by antibodies against VAR2CSA. Ideally, a vaccine against PM will induce antibody-mediated immune responses that block the adhesion of infected erythrocytes (IE) in the placenta.<h4>Principal findings</h4>We have previously shown that antibodies raised in rat against individual domains of VAR2CSA can block IE binding to CSA. In this study we have immunized mice, rats and rabbits with each individual domain and the full-length protein corresponding to the FCR3 VAR2CSA variant. We found there is an inherently higher immunogenicity of C-terminal domains compared to N-terminally located domains. This was irrespective of whether antibodies were induced against single domains or the full-length protein. Species-specific antibody responses were also found, these were mainly directed against single domains and not the full-length VAR2CSA protein.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Binding inhibitory antibodies appeared to be against conformational B-cell epitopes. Non-binding inhibitory antibodies reacted highly against the C-terminal end of the VAR2CSA molecule especially the highly polymorphic DBL6ε domain. Differential species-specific induction of antibody responses may allow for more direct analysis of functional versus non-functional B-cell epitopes.
format	article
author	Vera V Pinto Sisse B Ditlev Kamilla E Jensen Mafalda Resende Madeleine Dahlbäck Gorm Andersen Pernille Andersen Thor G Theander Ali Salanti Morten A Nielsen
author_facet	Vera V Pinto Sisse B Ditlev Kamilla E Jensen Mafalda Resende Madeleine Dahlbäck Gorm Andersen Pernille Andersen Thor G Theander Ali Salanti Morten A Nielsen
author_sort	Vera V Pinto
title	Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
title_short	Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
title_full	Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
title_fullStr	Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
title_full_unstemmed	Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
title_sort	differential induction of functional igg using the plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate var2csa.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/caa8cc1f61ff437bad69a1d9c1796d27
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Differential induction of functional IgG using the Plasmodium falciparum placental malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.

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