The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.

<h4>Background</h4>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease. However, how the MD exerts its effects is not fully known.<h4>Aim</h4>To assess the 12-month effects of two enhanced MDs compared to a...

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Autores principales:	Rosa Casas, Emilio Sacanella, Mireia Urpí-Sardà, Gemma Chiva-Blanch, Emilio Ros, Miguel-Angel Martínez-González, Maria-Isabel Covas, Rosa Ma Lamuela-Raventos, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Miquel Fiol, Fernando Arós, Ramon Estruch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb0a0d89de9347e09dc7f40a554703b0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb0a0d89de9347e09dc7f40a554703b02021-11-18T08:15:53ZThe effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0100084https://doaj.org/article/cb0a0d89de9347e09dc7f40a554703b02014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24925270/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease. However, how the MD exerts its effects is not fully known.<h4>Aim</h4>To assess the 12-month effects of two enhanced MDs compared to a low-fat diet on inflammatory biomarkers related to atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability in a subcohort of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 164 participants at high risk for cardiovascular disease were randomized into three diet groups: MD supplemented with 50mL/d of extra virgin olive oil (MD+EVOO) or 30 g/d of nuts (MD+Nuts) and a low-fat diet. Changes in classical cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory biomarkers of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability were measured after 12 months of intervention.<h4>Results</h4>Compared to participants in the low-fat diet group, those receiving MD+EVOO and MD+Nuts showed a higher decrease in systolic (6mmHg) and diastolic (3mmHg) blood pressure (P = 0.02; both), as well as a reduction of 10% and 8% in LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.04), respectively. Patients in the MD+Nuts group showed a significant reduction of 34% in CD40 expression on monocyte surface compared to low-fat diet patients (P = 0.03). In addition, inflammatory biomarkers related to plaque instability such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were reduced by 45% and 35% and 95% and 90% in the MD+EVOO and MD+Nuts groups, respectively (P<0.05; all) compared to the low-fat diet group. Likewise, sICAM and P-selectin were also reduced by 50% and 27%, respectively in the MD+EVOO group (P = 0.04) and P-selectin by 19% in MD+Nuts group (P = 0.04) compared to the low-fat diet group.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adherence to the MD is associated with an increase in serum markers of atheroma plaque stability which may explain, at least in part, the protective role of MD against ischemic heart disease.<h4>Trial registration</h4>www.controlled-trials.com ISRCTN35739639.Rosa CasasEmilio SacanellaMireia Urpí-SardàGemma Chiva-BlanchEmilio RosMiguel-Angel Martínez-GonzálezMaria-Isabel CovasRosa Ma Lamuela-RaventosJordi Salas-SalvadóMiquel FiolFernando ArósRamon EstruchPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e100084 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rosa Casas Emilio Sacanella Mireia Urpí-Sardà Gemma Chiva-Blanch Emilio Ros Miguel-Angel Martínez-González Maria-Isabel Covas Rosa Ma Lamuela-Raventos Jordi Salas-Salvadó Miquel Fiol Fernando Arós Ramon Estruch The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease. However, how the MD exerts its effects is not fully known.<h4>Aim</h4>To assess the 12-month effects of two enhanced MDs compared to a low-fat diet on inflammatory biomarkers related to atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability in a subcohort of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 164 participants at high risk for cardiovascular disease were randomized into three diet groups: MD supplemented with 50mL/d of extra virgin olive oil (MD+EVOO) or 30 g/d of nuts (MD+Nuts) and a low-fat diet. Changes in classical cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory biomarkers of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability were measured after 12 months of intervention.<h4>Results</h4>Compared to participants in the low-fat diet group, those receiving MD+EVOO and MD+Nuts showed a higher decrease in systolic (6mmHg) and diastolic (3mmHg) blood pressure (P = 0.02; both), as well as a reduction of 10% and 8% in LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.04), respectively. Patients in the MD+Nuts group showed a significant reduction of 34% in CD40 expression on monocyte surface compared to low-fat diet patients (P = 0.03). In addition, inflammatory biomarkers related to plaque instability such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were reduced by 45% and 35% and 95% and 90% in the MD+EVOO and MD+Nuts groups, respectively (P<0.05; all) compared to the low-fat diet group. Likewise, sICAM and P-selectin were also reduced by 50% and 27%, respectively in the MD+EVOO group (P = 0.04) and P-selectin by 19% in MD+Nuts group (P = 0.04) compared to the low-fat diet group.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adherence to the MD is associated with an increase in serum markers of atheroma plaque stability which may explain, at least in part, the protective role of MD against ischemic heart disease.<h4>Trial registration</h4>www.controlled-trials.com ISRCTN35739639.
format	article
author	Rosa Casas Emilio Sacanella Mireia Urpí-Sardà Gemma Chiva-Blanch Emilio Ros Miguel-Angel Martínez-González Maria-Isabel Covas Rosa Ma Lamuela-Raventos Jordi Salas-Salvadó Miquel Fiol Fernando Arós Ramon Estruch
author_facet	Rosa Casas Emilio Sacanella Mireia Urpí-Sardà Gemma Chiva-Blanch Emilio Ros Miguel-Angel Martínez-González Maria-Isabel Covas Rosa Ma Lamuela-Raventos Jordi Salas-Salvadó Miquel Fiol Fernando Arós Ramon Estruch
author_sort	Rosa Casas
title	The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.
title_short	The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.
title_full	The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.
title_fullStr	The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.
title_sort	effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. a randomized trial.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb0a0d89de9347e09dc7f40a554703b0
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The effects of the mediterranean diet on biomarkers of vascular wall inflammation and plaque vulnerability in subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease. A randomized trial.

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