Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate how the ball position along the mediolateral (M-L) direction of a golfer causes a chain effect in the ground reaction force, body segment and joint angles, and whole-body centre of mass during the golf swing. Twenty professional golfers were aske...

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Autores principales:	Sung Eun Kim, Jangyun Lee, Sae Yong Lee, Hae-Dong Lee, Jae Kun Shim, Sung-Cheol Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb0a54418fa946d79a47d5cda69411a4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb0a54418fa946d79a47d5cda69411a42021-12-02T10:48:13ZSmall changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing10.1038/s41598-020-79091-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cb0a54418fa946d79a47d5cda69411a42021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79091-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate how the ball position along the mediolateral (M-L) direction of a golfer causes a chain effect in the ground reaction force, body segment and joint angles, and whole-body centre of mass during the golf swing. Twenty professional golfers were asked to complete five straight shots for each 5 different ball positions along M-L: 4.27 cm (ball diameter), 2.14 cm (ball radius), 0 cm (reference position at preferred ball position), – 2.14 cm, and – 4.27 cm, while their ground reaction force and body segment motions were captured. The dependant variables were calculated at 14 swing events from address to impact, and the differences between the ball positions were evaluated using Statistical Parametric Mapping. The left-sided ball positions at address showed a greater weight distribution on the left foot with a more open shoulder angle compared to the reference ball position, whereas the trend was reversed for the right-sided ball positions. These trends disappeared during the backswing and reappeared during the downswing. The whole-body centre of mass was also located towards the target for the left-sided ball positions throughout the golf swing compared to the reference ball position, whereas the trend was reversed for the right-sided ball positions. We have concluded that initial ball position at address can cause a series of chain effects throughout the golf swing.Sung Eun KimJangyun LeeSae Yong LeeHae-Dong LeeJae Kun ShimSung-Cheol LeeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sung Eun Kim Jangyun Lee Sae Yong Lee Hae-Dong Lee Jae Kun Shim Sung-Cheol Lee Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
description	Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate how the ball position along the mediolateral (M-L) direction of a golfer causes a chain effect in the ground reaction force, body segment and joint angles, and whole-body centre of mass during the golf swing. Twenty professional golfers were asked to complete five straight shots for each 5 different ball positions along M-L: 4.27 cm (ball diameter), 2.14 cm (ball radius), 0 cm (reference position at preferred ball position), – 2.14 cm, and – 4.27 cm, while their ground reaction force and body segment motions were captured. The dependant variables were calculated at 14 swing events from address to impact, and the differences between the ball positions were evaluated using Statistical Parametric Mapping. The left-sided ball positions at address showed a greater weight distribution on the left foot with a more open shoulder angle compared to the reference ball position, whereas the trend was reversed for the right-sided ball positions. These trends disappeared during the backswing and reappeared during the downswing. The whole-body centre of mass was also located towards the target for the left-sided ball positions throughout the golf swing compared to the reference ball position, whereas the trend was reversed for the right-sided ball positions. We have concluded that initial ball position at address can cause a series of chain effects throughout the golf swing.
format	article
author	Sung Eun Kim Jangyun Lee Sae Yong Lee Hae-Dong Lee Jae Kun Shim Sung-Cheol Lee
author_facet	Sung Eun Kim Jangyun Lee Sae Yong Lee Hae-Dong Lee Jae Kun Shim Sung-Cheol Lee
author_sort	Sung Eun Kim
title	Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
title_short	Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
title_full	Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
title_fullStr	Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
title_full_unstemmed	Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
title_sort	small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb0a54418fa946d79a47d5cda69411a4
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Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing

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