Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens

Keel bone damage negatively affects the welfare, production performance, egg quality, and mobility of laying hens. This study aimed to investigate whether abnormal bone metabolism causes keel bone damage in laying hens. Eighty Hy-line Brown laying hens were housed in eight furnished cages with 10 bi...

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Autores principales:	Haidong Wei, Yanqing Chen, Haoyang Nian, Jing Wang, Yilin Liu, Jianxing Wang, Kaiqi Yang, Qian Zhao, Runxiang Zhang, Jun Bao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	laying hens keel bone damage bone metabolism bone health furnished cage Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb256cacba8048289a7aa7f4e69f1495
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb256cacba8048289a7aa7f4e69f14952021-11-25T16:16:33ZAbnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens10.3390/ani111131332076-2615https://doaj.org/article/cb256cacba8048289a7aa7f4e69f14952021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3133https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Keel bone damage negatively affects the welfare, production performance, egg quality, and mobility of laying hens. This study aimed to investigate whether abnormal bone metabolism causes keel bone damage in laying hens. Eighty Hy-line Brown laying hens were housed in eight furnished cages with 10 birds per cage and studied from 18 to 29 weeks of age (WOA). Accordingly, keel bone status was assessed at 18, 22, 25, and 29 WOA using the X-ray method, and the serum samples of laying hens with normal keel (NK), deviated keel (DK), and fractured keel (FK) that occurred at 29 WOA were collected across all the time-points. Subsequently, the serum samples were used to measure markers related to the metabolism of Ca and P and activities of osteoblast and osteoclast. The results showed that FK laying hens had lighter bodyweight than NK and DK birds throughout the trial (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the keel bone length and weight were not different in NK, DK, and FK hens at 29 WOA (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Moreover, bone hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining indicated that damaged keel bone had evident pathological changes. In the FK hens, serum P level was reduced but serum 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25-OHD<sub>3</sub>) levels were elevated compared to NK hens (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, DK hens had higher levels of serum 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), and lower level of serum 25-OHD<sub>3</sub> than the NK birds (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), TRAP, and corticosterone (CORT) levels were elevated in DK and FK hens compared to NK hens (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The levels of serum Ca, P, PTH, ALP, TRAP, OPG, OC, and CORT in laying hens fluctuated with the age of the birds. Generally, the results of this study indicate that keel bone damage, especially fractures, could be associated with abnormal bone metabolism in laying hens.Haidong WeiYanqing ChenHaoyang NianJing WangYilin LiuJianxing WangKaiqi YangQian ZhaoRunxiang ZhangJun BaoMDPI AGarticlelaying henskeel bone damagebone metabolismbone healthfurnished cageVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3133, p 3133 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	laying hens keel bone damage bone metabolism bone health furnished cage Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	laying hens keel bone damage bone metabolism bone health furnished cage Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Haidong Wei Yanqing Chen Haoyang Nian Jing Wang Yilin Liu Jianxing Wang Kaiqi Yang Qian Zhao Runxiang Zhang Jun Bao Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens
description	Keel bone damage negatively affects the welfare, production performance, egg quality, and mobility of laying hens. This study aimed to investigate whether abnormal bone metabolism causes keel bone damage in laying hens. Eighty Hy-line Brown laying hens were housed in eight furnished cages with 10 birds per cage and studied from 18 to 29 weeks of age (WOA). Accordingly, keel bone status was assessed at 18, 22, 25, and 29 WOA using the X-ray method, and the serum samples of laying hens with normal keel (NK), deviated keel (DK), and fractured keel (FK) that occurred at 29 WOA were collected across all the time-points. Subsequently, the serum samples were used to measure markers related to the metabolism of Ca and P and activities of osteoblast and osteoclast. The results showed that FK laying hens had lighter bodyweight than NK and DK birds throughout the trial (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the keel bone length and weight were not different in NK, DK, and FK hens at 29 WOA (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Moreover, bone hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining indicated that damaged keel bone had evident pathological changes. In the FK hens, serum P level was reduced but serum 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25-OHD<sub>3</sub>) levels were elevated compared to NK hens (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, DK hens had higher levels of serum 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), and lower level of serum 25-OHD<sub>3</sub> than the NK birds (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), TRAP, and corticosterone (CORT) levels were elevated in DK and FK hens compared to NK hens (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The levels of serum Ca, P, PTH, ALP, TRAP, OPG, OC, and CORT in laying hens fluctuated with the age of the birds. Generally, the results of this study indicate that keel bone damage, especially fractures, could be associated with abnormal bone metabolism in laying hens.
format	article
author	Haidong Wei Yanqing Chen Haoyang Nian Jing Wang Yilin Liu Jianxing Wang Kaiqi Yang Qian Zhao Runxiang Zhang Jun Bao
author_facet	Haidong Wei Yanqing Chen Haoyang Nian Jing Wang Yilin Liu Jianxing Wang Kaiqi Yang Qian Zhao Runxiang Zhang Jun Bao
author_sort	Haidong Wei
title	Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens
title_short	Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens
title_full	Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens
title_fullStr	Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens
title_full_unstemmed	Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens
title_sort	abnormal bone metabolism may be a primary causative factor of keel bone fractures in laying hens
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb256cacba8048289a7aa7f4e69f1495
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Abnormal Bone Metabolism May Be a Primary Causative Factor of Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens

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