Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician

The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma is rising globally and is projected to continue to rise. Advances in immunotherapy over the last decade have demonstrated that manipulation of the immune cell compartment of tumours is a valuable weapon in the arsenal against cancer; however, limitations...

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Autores principales:	Rebecca Adams, Bernhard Moser, Sophia N. Karagiannis, Katie E. Lacy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chemokines melanoma tumour pathogenicity immunotherapy biomarkers targeted therapy Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb8c784ab84545ffbb1f0652f52eebaa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb8c784ab84545ffbb1f0652f52eebaa2021-11-25T17:01:45ZChemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician10.3390/cancers132256252072-6694https://doaj.org/article/cb8c784ab84545ffbb1f0652f52eebaa2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5625https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma is rising globally and is projected to continue to rise. Advances in immunotherapy over the last decade have demonstrated that manipulation of the immune cell compartment of tumours is a valuable weapon in the arsenal against cancer; however, limitations to treatment still exist. Cutaneous melanoma lesions feature a dense cell infiltrate, coordinated by chemokines, which control the positioning of all immune cells. Melanomas are able to use chemokine pathways to preferentially recruit cells, which aid their growth, survival, invasion and metastasis, and which enhance their ability to evade anticancer immune responses. Aside from this, chemokine signalling can directly influence angiogenesis, invasion, lymph node, and distal metastases, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like processes and transendothelial migration. Understanding the interplay of chemokines, cancer cells, and immune cells may uncover future avenues for melanoma therapy, namely: identifying biomarkers for patient stratification, augmenting the effect of current and emerging therapies, and designing specific treatments to target chemokine pathways, with the aim to reduce melanoma pathogenicity, metastatic potential, and enhance immune cell-mediated cancer killing. The chemokine network may provide selective and specific targets that, if included in current therapeutic regimens, harbour potential to improve outcomes for patients.Rebecca AdamsBernhard MoserSophia N. KaragiannisKatie E. LacyMDPI AGarticlechemokinesmelanomatumour pathogenicityimmunotherapybiomarkerstargeted therapyNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5625, p 5625 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chemokines melanoma tumour pathogenicity immunotherapy biomarkers targeted therapy Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	chemokines melanoma tumour pathogenicity immunotherapy biomarkers targeted therapy Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Rebecca Adams Bernhard Moser Sophia N. Karagiannis Katie E. Lacy Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician
description	The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma is rising globally and is projected to continue to rise. Advances in immunotherapy over the last decade have demonstrated that manipulation of the immune cell compartment of tumours is a valuable weapon in the arsenal against cancer; however, limitations to treatment still exist. Cutaneous melanoma lesions feature a dense cell infiltrate, coordinated by chemokines, which control the positioning of all immune cells. Melanomas are able to use chemokine pathways to preferentially recruit cells, which aid their growth, survival, invasion and metastasis, and which enhance their ability to evade anticancer immune responses. Aside from this, chemokine signalling can directly influence angiogenesis, invasion, lymph node, and distal metastases, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like processes and transendothelial migration. Understanding the interplay of chemokines, cancer cells, and immune cells may uncover future avenues for melanoma therapy, namely: identifying biomarkers for patient stratification, augmenting the effect of current and emerging therapies, and designing specific treatments to target chemokine pathways, with the aim to reduce melanoma pathogenicity, metastatic potential, and enhance immune cell-mediated cancer killing. The chemokine network may provide selective and specific targets that, if included in current therapeutic regimens, harbour potential to improve outcomes for patients.
format	article
author	Rebecca Adams Bernhard Moser Sophia N. Karagiannis Katie E. Lacy
author_facet	Rebecca Adams Bernhard Moser Sophia N. Karagiannis Katie E. Lacy
author_sort	Rebecca Adams
title	Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician
title_short	Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician
title_full	Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician
title_fullStr	Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician
title_full_unstemmed	Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician
title_sort	chemokine pathways in cutaneous melanoma: their modulation by cancer and exploitation by the clinician
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb8c784ab84545ffbb1f0652f52eebaa
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Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician

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