Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of Artemia salina Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model

(1) Background: Artemia salina is a brine shrimp containing high concentrations of dinucleotides, molecules with properties for dry eye treatment. For this reason, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the artificial tears based on an extract of Artemia s...

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Autores principales:	Carlos Carpena-Torres, Jesus Pintor, Fernando Huete-Toral, Alba Martin-Gil, Candela Rodríguez-Pomar, Alejandro Martínez-Águila, Gonzalo Carracedo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	dry eye <i>Artemia salina</i> dinucleotides secretagogue purinergic signaling Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb913fc11d43400baaf93783a4932a62
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb913fc11d43400baaf93783a4932a622021-11-11T17:25:02ZEfficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model10.3390/ijms2221119991422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/cb913fc11d43400baaf93783a4932a622021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11999https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067(1) Background: <i>Artemia salina</i> is a brine shrimp containing high concentrations of dinucleotides, molecules with properties for dry eye treatment. For this reason, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the artificial tears based on an extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> in a rabbit dry eye model. (2) Methods: A prospective and randomized study was carried out. Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 groups (<i>n</i> = 5, each group): healthy rabbits, dry eye rabbits, dry eye rabbits treated with hypromellose (HPMC), and dry eye rabbits treated with <i>Artemia salina</i>. Dry eye was induced by the topical instillation of 0.2% benzalkonium chloride. The measurements were performed before and after the treatment for 5 consecutive days. (3) Results: The topical instillation of artificial tears containing <i>Artemia salina</i> showed beneficial effects on tear secretion, tear break-up time, corneal staining, the density of Goblet cells, heigh of mucin cloud secreted by these cells, and mRNA levels of IL-1β and MMP9 in conjunctival cells. Compared with the HPMC, there was a statistically significant improvement (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with the <i>Artemia salina</i> in all the variables under study, except for the conjunctival hyperemia, density of Goblet cells, and mRNA levels of IL-6. (4) Conclusions: The potential of artificial tears based on <i>Artemia salina</i> as a secretagogue agent for dry eye treatment was confirmed, opening the door for future clinical trials and studies to extrapolate the findings for dry eye patients.Carlos Carpena-TorresJesus PintorFernando Huete-ToralAlba Martin-GilCandela Rodríguez-PomarAlejandro Martínez-ÁguilaGonzalo CarracedoMDPI AGarticledry eye<i>Artemia salina</i>dinucleotidessecretagoguepurinergic signalingBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11999, p 11999 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dry eye <i>Artemia salina</i> dinucleotides secretagogue purinergic signaling Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	dry eye <i>Artemia salina</i> dinucleotides secretagogue purinergic signaling Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Carlos Carpena-Torres Jesus Pintor Fernando Huete-Toral Alba Martin-Gil Candela Rodríguez-Pomar Alejandro Martínez-Águila Gonzalo Carracedo Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model
description	(1) Background: <i>Artemia salina</i> is a brine shrimp containing high concentrations of dinucleotides, molecules with properties for dry eye treatment. For this reason, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the artificial tears based on an extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> in a rabbit dry eye model. (2) Methods: A prospective and randomized study was carried out. Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 groups (<i>n</i> = 5, each group): healthy rabbits, dry eye rabbits, dry eye rabbits treated with hypromellose (HPMC), and dry eye rabbits treated with <i>Artemia salina</i>. Dry eye was induced by the topical instillation of 0.2% benzalkonium chloride. The measurements were performed before and after the treatment for 5 consecutive days. (3) Results: The topical instillation of artificial tears containing <i>Artemia salina</i> showed beneficial effects on tear secretion, tear break-up time, corneal staining, the density of Goblet cells, heigh of mucin cloud secreted by these cells, and mRNA levels of IL-1β and MMP9 in conjunctival cells. Compared with the HPMC, there was a statistically significant improvement (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with the <i>Artemia salina</i> in all the variables under study, except for the conjunctival hyperemia, density of Goblet cells, and mRNA levels of IL-6. (4) Conclusions: The potential of artificial tears based on <i>Artemia salina</i> as a secretagogue agent for dry eye treatment was confirmed, opening the door for future clinical trials and studies to extrapolate the findings for dry eye patients.
format	article
author	Carlos Carpena-Torres Jesus Pintor Fernando Huete-Toral Alba Martin-Gil Candela Rodríguez-Pomar Alejandro Martínez-Águila Gonzalo Carracedo
author_facet	Carlos Carpena-Torres Jesus Pintor Fernando Huete-Toral Alba Martin-Gil Candela Rodríguez-Pomar Alejandro Martínez-Águila Gonzalo Carracedo
author_sort	Carlos Carpena-Torres
title	Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model
title_short	Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model
title_full	Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model
title_fullStr	Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model
title_full_unstemmed	Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model
title_sort	efficacy of artificial tears based on an extract of <i>artemia salina</i> containing dinucleotides in a rabbit dry eye model
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb913fc11d43400baaf93783a4932a62
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Efficacy of Artificial Tears Based on an Extract of <i>Artemia salina</i> Containing Dinucleotides in a Rabbit Dry Eye Model

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