Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)

Abstract The plague of 1630–1632 was one of the deadliest plague epidemics to ever hit Northern Italy, and for many of the affected regions, it was also the last. While accounts on plague during the early 1630s in Florence and Milan are frequent, much less is known about the city of Imola. We analyz...

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Autores principales:	Meriam Guellil, Natascia Rinaldo, Nicoletta Zedda, Oliver Kersten, Xabier Gonzalez Muro, Nils Chr. Stenseth, Emanuela Gualdi-Russo, Barbara Bramanti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb9514f59b0d4dc982a7e952a5e887dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb9514f59b0d4dc982a7e952a5e887dc2021-11-21T12:24:28ZBioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)10.1038/s41598-021-98214-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cb9514f59b0d4dc982a7e952a5e887dc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98214-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The plague of 1630–1632 was one of the deadliest plague epidemics to ever hit Northern Italy, and for many of the affected regions, it was also the last. While accounts on plague during the early 1630s in Florence and Milan are frequent, much less is known about the city of Imola. We analyzed the full skeletal assemblage of four mass graves (n = 133 individuals) at the Lazaretto dell’Osservanza, which date back to the outbreak of 1630–1632 in Imola and evaluated our results by integrating new archival sources. The skeletons showed little evidence of physical trauma and were covered by multiple layers of lime, which is characteristic for epidemic mass mortality sites. We screened 15 teeth for Yersinia pestis aDNA and were able to confirm the presence of plague in Imola via metagenomic analysis. Additionally, we studied a contemporaneous register, in which a friar recorded patient outcomes at the lazaretto during the last year of the epidemic. Our multidisciplinary approach combining historical, osteological and genomic data provided a unique opportunity to reconstruct an in-depth picture of the last plague of Imola through the city's main lazaretto.Meriam GuellilNatascia RinaldoNicoletta ZeddaOliver KerstenXabier Gonzalez MuroNils Chr. StensethEmanuela Gualdi-RussoBarbara BramantiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Meriam Guellil Natascia Rinaldo Nicoletta Zedda Oliver Kersten Xabier Gonzalez Muro Nils Chr. Stenseth Emanuela Gualdi-Russo Barbara Bramanti Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)
description	Abstract The plague of 1630–1632 was one of the deadliest plague epidemics to ever hit Northern Italy, and for many of the affected regions, it was also the last. While accounts on plague during the early 1630s in Florence and Milan are frequent, much less is known about the city of Imola. We analyzed the full skeletal assemblage of four mass graves (n = 133 individuals) at the Lazaretto dell’Osservanza, which date back to the outbreak of 1630–1632 in Imola and evaluated our results by integrating new archival sources. The skeletons showed little evidence of physical trauma and were covered by multiple layers of lime, which is characteristic for epidemic mass mortality sites. We screened 15 teeth for Yersinia pestis aDNA and were able to confirm the presence of plague in Imola via metagenomic analysis. Additionally, we studied a contemporaneous register, in which a friar recorded patient outcomes at the lazaretto during the last year of the epidemic. Our multidisciplinary approach combining historical, osteological and genomic data provided a unique opportunity to reconstruct an in-depth picture of the last plague of Imola through the city's main lazaretto.
format	article
author	Meriam Guellil Natascia Rinaldo Nicoletta Zedda Oliver Kersten Xabier Gonzalez Muro Nils Chr. Stenseth Emanuela Gualdi-Russo Barbara Bramanti
author_facet	Meriam Guellil Natascia Rinaldo Nicoletta Zedda Oliver Kersten Xabier Gonzalez Muro Nils Chr. Stenseth Emanuela Gualdi-Russo Barbara Bramanti
author_sort	Meriam Guellil
title	Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)
title_short	Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)
title_full	Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)
title_fullStr	Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)
title_full_unstemmed	Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)
title_sort	bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of imola (1630–1632)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb9514f59b0d4dc982a7e952a5e887dc
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Bioarchaeological insights into the last plague of Imola (1630–1632)

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