Walking is regulated by environmental temperature

Abstract The mechanisms that regulate human walking are not fully understood, although there has been substantial research. In our study, we hypothesized that, although walking can be volitionally modified, it is also involuntary and controlled by evolutionary factors, such as the relationship betwe...

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Autores principales:	Shuichi P. Obuchi, Hisashi Kawai, Juan C. Garbalosa, Kazumasa Nishida, Kenji Murakawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cb9cc99082444305a8625cea09253797
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cb9cc99082444305a8625cea092537972021-12-02T17:47:36ZWalking is regulated by environmental temperature10.1038/s41598-021-91633-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cb9cc99082444305a8625cea092537972021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91633-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The mechanisms that regulate human walking are not fully understood, although there has been substantial research. In our study, we hypothesized that, although walking can be volitionally modified, it is also involuntary and controlled by evolutionary factors, such as the relationship between temperature and movement speed in poikilotherms. This study aimed to determine the effects of environmental temperature on speed, step length, and cadence during unrestrained walking over long periods. Customers of a private insurance company were asked to use a background smartphone GPS application that measured walking parameters. Participants were 1065 app users (298 men and 767 women) aged 14–86 years. Observed walking speed and cadence were higher in winter (average maximum temperature: 10.2 °C) than in summer (average maximum temperature: 29.8 °C) (p < 0.001). The walking parameters were closely related to environmental temperature, with cadence most strongly correlated with daily maximum temperature (r = − 0.812, p < 0.001) and indicating a curvilinear relationship. A decrease in environmental temperature was found to increase cadence when the temperature was below 30 °C. The findings suggest that walking may be regulated by environmental temperature and potentially by the autonomic nervous system’s response to environmental temperature.Shuichi P. ObuchiHisashi KawaiJuan C. GarbalosaKazumasa NishidaKenji MurakawaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shuichi P. Obuchi Hisashi Kawai Juan C. Garbalosa Kazumasa Nishida Kenji Murakawa Walking is regulated by environmental temperature
description	Abstract The mechanisms that regulate human walking are not fully understood, although there has been substantial research. In our study, we hypothesized that, although walking can be volitionally modified, it is also involuntary and controlled by evolutionary factors, such as the relationship between temperature and movement speed in poikilotherms. This study aimed to determine the effects of environmental temperature on speed, step length, and cadence during unrestrained walking over long periods. Customers of a private insurance company were asked to use a background smartphone GPS application that measured walking parameters. Participants were 1065 app users (298 men and 767 women) aged 14–86 years. Observed walking speed and cadence were higher in winter (average maximum temperature: 10.2 °C) than in summer (average maximum temperature: 29.8 °C) (p < 0.001). The walking parameters were closely related to environmental temperature, with cadence most strongly correlated with daily maximum temperature (r = − 0.812, p < 0.001) and indicating a curvilinear relationship. A decrease in environmental temperature was found to increase cadence when the temperature was below 30 °C. The findings suggest that walking may be regulated by environmental temperature and potentially by the autonomic nervous system’s response to environmental temperature.
format	article
author	Shuichi P. Obuchi Hisashi Kawai Juan C. Garbalosa Kazumasa Nishida Kenji Murakawa
author_facet	Shuichi P. Obuchi Hisashi Kawai Juan C. Garbalosa Kazumasa Nishida Kenji Murakawa
author_sort	Shuichi P. Obuchi
title	Walking is regulated by environmental temperature
title_short	Walking is regulated by environmental temperature
title_full	Walking is regulated by environmental temperature
title_fullStr	Walking is regulated by environmental temperature
title_full_unstemmed	Walking is regulated by environmental temperature
title_sort	walking is regulated by environmental temperature
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cb9cc99082444305a8625cea09253797
work_keys_str_mv	AT shuichipobuchi walkingisregulatedbyenvironmentaltemperature AT hisashikawai walkingisregulatedbyenvironmentaltemperature AT juancgarbalosa walkingisregulatedbyenvironmentaltemperature AT kazumasanishida walkingisregulatedbyenvironmentaltemperature AT kenjimurakawa walkingisregulatedbyenvironmentaltemperature
_version_	1718379495604355072

Walking is regulated by environmental temperature

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