The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets

Changes in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somat...

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Autores principales:	Antonia Maiara Marques do Nascimento, Luiza Giacomolli Polesi, Franklin Panato Back, Neusa Steiner, Miguel Pedro Guerra, Ander Castander-Olarieta, Paloma Moncaleán, Itziar Aurora Montalbán
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Pinus halepensis Pinus radiata sugars amino acids osmolality Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cba611b479434b478af6231adffe694e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cba611b479434b478af6231adffe694e2021-12-01T09:05:28ZThe Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.771464https://doaj.org/article/cba611b479434b478af6231adffe694e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.771464/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XChanges in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. In the present work, the influence of different amino acid combinations, carbohydrate sources, and concentrations at the maturation stage of Pinus radiata D. Don and Pinus halepensis Mill. was analyzed. In P. radiata, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of sucrose and an increase in the amino acid mixture (1,100 mgL–1 of L-glutamine, 1,050 mgL–1 of L-asparagine, 350 mgL–1 of L-arginine, and 35 mgL–1 of L-proline) promoted bigger embryos, with a larger stem diameter and an increase in the number of roots in the germinated somatic embryos, improving the acclimatization success of this species. In P. halepensis, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of maltose improved the germination of somatic embryos. The increase in the amount of amino acids in the maturation medium increased the levels of putrescine in the germinated somatic embryos of P. halepensis. We detected significant differences in the amounts of polyamines between somatic plantlets of P. radiata and P. halepensis; putrescine was less abundant in both species. For the first time, in P. radiata and P. halepensis somatic embryogenesis, we detected the presence of cadaverine, and its concentration changed according to the species.Antonia Maiara Marques do NascimentoLuiza Giacomolli PolesiFranklin Panato BackNeusa SteinerMiguel Pedro GuerraAnder Castander-OlarietaPaloma MoncaleánItziar Aurora MontalbánFrontiers Media S.A.articlePinus halepensisPinus radiatasugarsamino acidsosmolalityPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Pinus halepensis Pinus radiata sugars amino acids osmolality Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	Pinus halepensis Pinus radiata sugars amino acids osmolality Plant culture SB1-1110 Antonia Maiara Marques do Nascimento Luiza Giacomolli Polesi Franklin Panato Back Neusa Steiner Miguel Pedro Guerra Ander Castander-Olarieta Paloma Moncaleán Itziar Aurora Montalbán The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets
description	Changes in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. In the present work, the influence of different amino acid combinations, carbohydrate sources, and concentrations at the maturation stage of Pinus radiata D. Don and Pinus halepensis Mill. was analyzed. In P. radiata, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of sucrose and an increase in the amino acid mixture (1,100 mgL–1 of L-glutamine, 1,050 mgL–1 of L-asparagine, 350 mgL–1 of L-arginine, and 35 mgL–1 of L-proline) promoted bigger embryos, with a larger stem diameter and an increase in the number of roots in the germinated somatic embryos, improving the acclimatization success of this species. In P. halepensis, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of maltose improved the germination of somatic embryos. The increase in the amount of amino acids in the maturation medium increased the levels of putrescine in the germinated somatic embryos of P. halepensis. We detected significant differences in the amounts of polyamines between somatic plantlets of P. radiata and P. halepensis; putrescine was less abundant in both species. For the first time, in P. radiata and P. halepensis somatic embryogenesis, we detected the presence of cadaverine, and its concentration changed according to the species.
format	article
author	Antonia Maiara Marques do Nascimento Luiza Giacomolli Polesi Franklin Panato Back Neusa Steiner Miguel Pedro Guerra Ander Castander-Olarieta Paloma Moncaleán Itziar Aurora Montalbán
author_facet	Antonia Maiara Marques do Nascimento Luiza Giacomolli Polesi Franklin Panato Back Neusa Steiner Miguel Pedro Guerra Ander Castander-Olarieta Paloma Moncaleán Itziar Aurora Montalbán
author_sort	Antonia Maiara Marques do Nascimento
title	The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets
title_short	The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets
title_full	The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets
title_fullStr	The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets
title_full_unstemmed	The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets
title_sort	chemical environment at maturation stage in pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis: implications in the polyamine profile of somatic embryos and morphological characteristics of the developed plantlets
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cba611b479434b478af6231adffe694e
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The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets

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