A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits
Novel genotypes of hepatitis E virus (HEV), i.e., HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, have been identified in wild boar, dromedary camels, and Bactrian camels, respectively, and they transmit to cynomolgus monkeys in a trans-species manner, raising the potential for zoonotic infection. Rabbits are the natural...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:cbb86d3b3aa749df9d91a6320297f2c72021-11-25T18:37:44ZA Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits10.3390/pathogens101113742076-0817https://doaj.org/article/cbb86d3b3aa749df9d91a6320297f2c72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1374https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817Novel genotypes of hepatitis E virus (HEV), i.e., HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, have been identified in wild boar, dromedary camels, and Bactrian camels, respectively, and they transmit to cynomolgus monkeys in a trans-species manner, raising the potential for zoonotic infection. Rabbits are the natural reservoir for rabbit HEV, but they are also susceptible to HEV-3 and HEV-4. It has been unknown whether rabbits are susceptible to HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8. To investigate the infectivity of novel HEVs in rabbits and to assess whether rabbits are appropriate animal models for these HEVs, we inoculated Japanese white rabbits with HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, respectively. We observed that viral RNA was present in the fecal specimens of the HEV-8-inoculated rabbits and anti-HEV IgG antibodies were present in its sera, although anti-HEV IgM was undetectable and no significant elevation of ALT was observed. These results indicated that HEV-8 crossed species and infected the rabbits. No evidence for replication was observed in HEV-5 and HEV-7, suggesting that rabbits are not susceptible to these genotypes. The antibodies elicited in the HEV-8-infected rabbits did not protect them from the rabbit HEV challenge, suggesting that the antigenicity differs between HEV-8 and rabbit HEV. Antigenic analyses demonstrated that anti-HEV-8 antibodies reacted more strongly with homologous HEV-8 virus-like particles (VLPs) compared to heterologous rabbit HEV VLPs, but anti-rabbit HEV antibody had similar reactivity to the VLPs of rabbit HEV and HEV-8, suggesting that HEV-8 lacks some epitope(s) that exist in rabbit HEV and induced the neutralizing antibodies against rabbit HEV.Wenjing ZhangYasushi AmiYuriko SuzakiMichiyo KataokaNaokazu TakedaMasamichi MuramatsuTiancheng LiMDPI AGarticlebactrian camel hepatitis E virusHEV-5HEV-7HEV-8cross-species infectionrabbitMedicineRENPathogens, Vol 10, Iss 1374, p 1374 (2021) |
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| topic |
bactrian camel hepatitis E virus HEV-5 HEV-7 HEV-8 cross-species infection rabbit Medicine R |
| spellingShingle |
bactrian camel hepatitis E virus HEV-5 HEV-7 HEV-8 cross-species infection rabbit Medicine R Wenjing Zhang Yasushi Ami Yuriko Suzaki Michiyo Kataoka Naokazu Takeda Masamichi Muramatsu Tiancheng Li A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits |
| description |
Novel genotypes of hepatitis E virus (HEV), i.e., HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, have been identified in wild boar, dromedary camels, and Bactrian camels, respectively, and they transmit to cynomolgus monkeys in a trans-species manner, raising the potential for zoonotic infection. Rabbits are the natural reservoir for rabbit HEV, but they are also susceptible to HEV-3 and HEV-4. It has been unknown whether rabbits are susceptible to HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8. To investigate the infectivity of novel HEVs in rabbits and to assess whether rabbits are appropriate animal models for these HEVs, we inoculated Japanese white rabbits with HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, respectively. We observed that viral RNA was present in the fecal specimens of the HEV-8-inoculated rabbits and anti-HEV IgG antibodies were present in its sera, although anti-HEV IgM was undetectable and no significant elevation of ALT was observed. These results indicated that HEV-8 crossed species and infected the rabbits. No evidence for replication was observed in HEV-5 and HEV-7, suggesting that rabbits are not susceptible to these genotypes. The antibodies elicited in the HEV-8-infected rabbits did not protect them from the rabbit HEV challenge, suggesting that the antigenicity differs between HEV-8 and rabbit HEV. Antigenic analyses demonstrated that anti-HEV-8 antibodies reacted more strongly with homologous HEV-8 virus-like particles (VLPs) compared to heterologous rabbit HEV VLPs, but anti-rabbit HEV antibody had similar reactivity to the VLPs of rabbit HEV and HEV-8, suggesting that HEV-8 lacks some epitope(s) that exist in rabbit HEV and induced the neutralizing antibodies against rabbit HEV. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Wenjing Zhang Yasushi Ami Yuriko Suzaki Michiyo Kataoka Naokazu Takeda Masamichi Muramatsu Tiancheng Li |
| author_facet |
Wenjing Zhang Yasushi Ami Yuriko Suzaki Michiyo Kataoka Naokazu Takeda Masamichi Muramatsu Tiancheng Li |
| author_sort |
Wenjing Zhang |
| title |
A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits |
| title_short |
A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits |
| title_full |
A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits |
| title_fullStr |
A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits |
| title_sort |
cross-species transmission of a camel-derived genotype 8 hepatitis e virus to rabbits |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/cbb86d3b3aa749df9d91a6320297f2c7 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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| _version_ |
1718410920531591168 |