Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Background: The hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), and basal forebrain (BF) are among the earliest regions affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. They play an essential role in spatial pattern separation, a process critical for accurate discrimination between similar locations.Objective:...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:cbec0812a0db4f8798f34506e58a624d2021-12-01T08:20:12ZSpatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment1663-436510.3389/fnagi.2021.774600https://doaj.org/article/cbec0812a0db4f8798f34506e58a624d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2021.774600/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1663-4365Background: The hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), and basal forebrain (BF) are among the earliest regions affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. They play an essential role in spatial pattern separation, a process critical for accurate discrimination between similar locations.Objective: We examined differences in spatial pattern separation performance between older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) with AD versus those with non-Alzheimer’s pathologic change (non-AD) and interrelations between volumes of the hippocampal, EC subregions and BF nuclei projecting to these subregions (medial septal nuclei and vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca – Ch1-2 nuclei) with respect to performance.Methods: Hundred and eighteen older adults were recruited from the Czech Brain Aging Study. Participants with AD aMCI (n = 37), non-AD aMCI (n = 26), mild AD dementia (n = 26), and cognitively normal older adults (CN; n = 29) underwent spatial pattern separation testing, cognitive assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging.Results: The AD aMCI group had less accurate spatial pattern separation performance than the non-AD aMCI (p = 0.039) and CN (p < 0.001) groups. The AD aMCI and non-AD groups did not differ in other cognitive tests. Decreased BF Ch1-2 volume was indirectly associated with worse performance through reduced hippocampal tail volume and reduced posteromedial EC and hippocampal tail or body volumes operating in serial.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that spatial pattern separation testing differentiates AD biomarker positive and negative older adults with aMCI and provides evidence that BF Ch1-2 nuclei influence spatial pattern separation through the posteromedial EC and the posterior hippocampus.Martina LaczóMartina LaczóOndrej LerchOndrej LerchLukas MartinkovicJana KalinovaHana MarkovaHana MarkovaMartin VyhnalekMartin VyhnalekJakub HortJakub HortJan LaczóJan LaczóFrontiers Media S.A.articleamyloid-βbasal forebraincerebrospinal fluidentorhinal cortexhippocampusmemoryNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Vol 13 (2021) |
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amyloid-β basal forebrain cerebrospinal fluid entorhinal cortex hippocampus memory Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 |
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amyloid-β basal forebrain cerebrospinal fluid entorhinal cortex hippocampus memory Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Martina Laczó Martina Laczó Ondrej Lerch Ondrej Lerch Lukas Martinkovic Jana Kalinova Hana Markova Hana Markova Martin Vyhnalek Martin Vyhnalek Jakub Hort Jakub Hort Jan Laczó Jan Laczó Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| description |
Background: The hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), and basal forebrain (BF) are among the earliest regions affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. They play an essential role in spatial pattern separation, a process critical for accurate discrimination between similar locations.Objective: We examined differences in spatial pattern separation performance between older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) with AD versus those with non-Alzheimer’s pathologic change (non-AD) and interrelations between volumes of the hippocampal, EC subregions and BF nuclei projecting to these subregions (medial septal nuclei and vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca – Ch1-2 nuclei) with respect to performance.Methods: Hundred and eighteen older adults were recruited from the Czech Brain Aging Study. Participants with AD aMCI (n = 37), non-AD aMCI (n = 26), mild AD dementia (n = 26), and cognitively normal older adults (CN; n = 29) underwent spatial pattern separation testing, cognitive assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging.Results: The AD aMCI group had less accurate spatial pattern separation performance than the non-AD aMCI (p = 0.039) and CN (p < 0.001) groups. The AD aMCI and non-AD groups did not differ in other cognitive tests. Decreased BF Ch1-2 volume was indirectly associated with worse performance through reduced hippocampal tail volume and reduced posteromedial EC and hippocampal tail or body volumes operating in serial.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that spatial pattern separation testing differentiates AD biomarker positive and negative older adults with aMCI and provides evidence that BF Ch1-2 nuclei influence spatial pattern separation through the posteromedial EC and the posterior hippocampus. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Martina Laczó Martina Laczó Ondrej Lerch Ondrej Lerch Lukas Martinkovic Jana Kalinova Hana Markova Hana Markova Martin Vyhnalek Martin Vyhnalek Jakub Hort Jakub Hort Jan Laczó Jan Laczó |
| author_facet |
Martina Laczó Martina Laczó Ondrej Lerch Ondrej Lerch Lukas Martinkovic Jana Kalinova Hana Markova Hana Markova Martin Vyhnalek Martin Vyhnalek Jakub Hort Jakub Hort Jan Laczó Jan Laczó |
| author_sort |
Martina Laczó |
| title |
Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_short |
Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_full |
Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_fullStr |
Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial Pattern Separation Testing Differentiates Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker-Positive and Biomarker-Negative Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| title_sort |
spatial pattern separation testing differentiates alzheimer’s disease biomarker-positive and biomarker-negative older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/cbec0812a0db4f8798f34506e58a624d |
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