Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been recently investigated for use in noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability to classify patterns of neural activation associated with different mental tasks (e.g., mental arithmetic) using NIRS si...

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Autores principales:	Sarah D Power, Azadeh Kushki, Tom Chau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cbfd9be97ae04e678c555d9f3cfb3498
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cbfd9be97ae04e678c555d9f3cfb34982021-11-18T07:11:38ZIntersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0037791https://doaj.org/article/cbfd9be97ae04e678c555d9f3cfb34982012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22844390/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been recently investigated for use in noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability to classify patterns of neural activation associated with different mental tasks (e.g., mental arithmetic) using NIRS signals. Though these studies represent an important step towards the realization of an NIRS-BCI, there is a paucity of literature regarding the consistency of these responses, and the ability to classify them on a single-trial basis, over multiple sessions. This is important when moving out of an experimental context toward a practical system, where performance must be maintained over longer periods. When considering response consistency across sessions, two questions arise: 1) can the hemodynamic response to the activation task be distinguished from a baseline (or other task) condition, consistently across sessions, and if so, 2) are the spatiotemporal characteristics of the response which best distinguish it from the baseline (or other task) condition consistent across sessions. The answers will have implications for the viability of an NIRS-BCI system, and the design strategies (especially in terms of classifier training protocols) adopted. In this study, we investigated the consistency of classification of a mental arithmetic task and a no-control condition over five experimental sessions. Mixed model linear regression on intrasession classification accuracies indicate that the task and baseline states remain differentiable across multiple sessions, with no significant decrease in accuracy (p = 0.67). Intersession analysis, however, revealed inconsistencies in spatiotemporal response characteristics. Based on these results, we investigated several different practical classifier training protocols, including scenarios in which the training and test data come from 1) different sessions, 2) the same session, and 3) a combination of both. Results indicate that when selecting optimal classifier training protocols for NIRS-BCI, a compromise between accuracy and convenience (e.g., in terms of duration/frequency of training data collection) must be considered.Sarah D PowerAzadeh KushkiTom ChauPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e37791 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sarah D Power Azadeh Kushki Tom Chau Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.
description	Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been recently investigated for use in noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability to classify patterns of neural activation associated with different mental tasks (e.g., mental arithmetic) using NIRS signals. Though these studies represent an important step towards the realization of an NIRS-BCI, there is a paucity of literature regarding the consistency of these responses, and the ability to classify them on a single-trial basis, over multiple sessions. This is important when moving out of an experimental context toward a practical system, where performance must be maintained over longer periods. When considering response consistency across sessions, two questions arise: 1) can the hemodynamic response to the activation task be distinguished from a baseline (or other task) condition, consistently across sessions, and if so, 2) are the spatiotemporal characteristics of the response which best distinguish it from the baseline (or other task) condition consistent across sessions. The answers will have implications for the viability of an NIRS-BCI system, and the design strategies (especially in terms of classifier training protocols) adopted. In this study, we investigated the consistency of classification of a mental arithmetic task and a no-control condition over five experimental sessions. Mixed model linear regression on intrasession classification accuracies indicate that the task and baseline states remain differentiable across multiple sessions, with no significant decrease in accuracy (p = 0.67). Intersession analysis, however, revealed inconsistencies in spatiotemporal response characteristics. Based on these results, we investigated several different practical classifier training protocols, including scenarios in which the training and test data come from 1) different sessions, 2) the same session, and 3) a combination of both. Results indicate that when selecting optimal classifier training protocols for NIRS-BCI, a compromise between accuracy and convenience (e.g., in terms of duration/frequency of training data collection) must be considered.
format	article
author	Sarah D Power Azadeh Kushki Tom Chau
author_facet	Sarah D Power Azadeh Kushki Tom Chau
author_sort	Sarah D Power
title	Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.
title_short	Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.
title_full	Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.
title_fullStr	Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.
title_full_unstemmed	Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.
title_sort	intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by nirs.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/cbfd9be97ae04e678c555d9f3cfb3498
work_keys_str_mv	AT sarahdpower intersessionconsistencyofsingletrialclassificationoftheprefrontalresponsetomentalarithmeticandthenocontrolstatebynirs AT azadehkushki intersessionconsistencyofsingletrialclassificationoftheprefrontalresponsetomentalarithmeticandthenocontrolstatebynirs AT tomchau intersessionconsistencyofsingletrialclassificationoftheprefrontalresponsetomentalarithmeticandthenocontrolstatebynirs
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Intersession consistency of single-trial classification of the prefrontal response to mental arithmetic and the no-control state by NIRS.

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