Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.

The European Neolithization ~6000-4000 BC represents a pivotal change in human history when farming spread and the mobile style of life of the hunter-foragers was superseded by the agrarian culture. Permanent settlement structures and agricultural production systems required fundamental innovations...

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Autores principales:	Willy Tegel, Rengert Elburg, Dietrich Hakelberg, Harald Stäuble, Ulf Büntgen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cc2cc3060cc44cb3ad37c6ed7c5760e3
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:cc2cc3060cc44cb3ad37c6ed7c5760e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cc2cc3060cc44cb3ad37c6ed7c5760e32021-11-18T08:04:34ZEarly Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0051374https://doaj.org/article/cc2cc3060cc44cb3ad37c6ed7c5760e32012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23284685/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The European Neolithization ~6000-4000 BC represents a pivotal change in human history when farming spread and the mobile style of life of the hunter-foragers was superseded by the agrarian culture. Permanent settlement structures and agricultural production systems required fundamental innovations in technology, subsistence, and resource utilization. Motivation, course, and timing of this transformation, however, remain debatable. Here we present annually resolved and absolutely dated dendroarchaeological information from four wooden water wells of the early Neolithic period that were excavated in Eastern Germany. A total of 151 oak timbers preserved in a waterlogged environment were dated between 5469 and 5098 BC and reveal unexpectedly refined carpentry skills. The recently discovered water wells enable for the first time a detailed insight into the earliest wood architecture and display the technological capabilities of humans ~7000 years ago. The timbered well constructions made of old oak trees feature an unopened tree-ring archive from which annually resolved and absolutely dated environmental data can be culled. Our results question the principle of continuous evolutionary development in prehistoric technology, and contradict the common belief that metal was necessary for complex timber constructions. Early Neolithic craftsmanship now suggests that the first farmers were also the first carpenters.Willy TegelRengert ElburgDietrich HakelbergHarald StäubleUlf BüntgenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e51374 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Willy Tegel Rengert Elburg Dietrich Hakelberg Harald Stäuble Ulf Büntgen Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
description	The European Neolithization ~6000-4000 BC represents a pivotal change in human history when farming spread and the mobile style of life of the hunter-foragers was superseded by the agrarian culture. Permanent settlement structures and agricultural production systems required fundamental innovations in technology, subsistence, and resource utilization. Motivation, course, and timing of this transformation, however, remain debatable. Here we present annually resolved and absolutely dated dendroarchaeological information from four wooden water wells of the early Neolithic period that were excavated in Eastern Germany. A total of 151 oak timbers preserved in a waterlogged environment were dated between 5469 and 5098 BC and reveal unexpectedly refined carpentry skills. The recently discovered water wells enable for the first time a detailed insight into the earliest wood architecture and display the technological capabilities of humans ~7000 years ago. The timbered well constructions made of old oak trees feature an unopened tree-ring archive from which annually resolved and absolutely dated environmental data can be culled. Our results question the principle of continuous evolutionary development in prehistoric technology, and contradict the common belief that metal was necessary for complex timber constructions. Early Neolithic craftsmanship now suggests that the first farmers were also the first carpenters.
format	article
author	Willy Tegel Rengert Elburg Dietrich Hakelberg Harald Stäuble Ulf Büntgen
author_facet	Willy Tegel Rengert Elburg Dietrich Hakelberg Harald Stäuble Ulf Büntgen
author_sort	Willy Tegel
title	Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
title_short	Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
title_full	Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
title_fullStr	Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
title_full_unstemmed	Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
title_sort	early neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/cc2cc3060cc44cb3ad37c6ed7c5760e3
work_keys_str_mv	AT willytegel earlyneolithicwaterwellsrevealtheworldsoldestwoodarchitecture AT rengertelburg earlyneolithicwaterwellsrevealtheworldsoldestwoodarchitecture AT dietrichhakelberg earlyneolithicwaterwellsrevealtheworldsoldestwoodarchitecture AT haraldstauble earlyneolithicwaterwellsrevealtheworldsoldestwoodarchitecture AT ulfbuntgen earlyneolithicwaterwellsrevealtheworldsoldestwoodarchitecture
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Early Neolithic water wells reveal the world's oldest wood architecture.

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