Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains

ABSTRACT Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive endospore-forming bacterial species that causes anthrax in both humans and animals. In Zambia, anthrax cases are frequently reported in both livestock and wildlife, with occasional transmission to humans, causing serious public health problems in the co...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Yoshikazu Furuta, Hayato Harima, Emiko Ito, Fumito Maruyama, Naomi Ohnishi, Ken Osaki, Hirohito Ogawa, David Squarre, Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe, Hideaki Higashi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	Bacillus anthracis Bacillus cereus group antibiotic resistance bacitracin genome analysis rRNA operon Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cc309eb0faf04698b976985906725033
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:cc309eb0faf04698b976985906725033
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cc309eb0faf04698b9769859067250332021-12-02T18:39:46ZLoss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains10.1128/mSystems.00182-182379-5077https://doaj.org/article/cc309eb0faf04698b9769859067250332018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00182-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive endospore-forming bacterial species that causes anthrax in both humans and animals. In Zambia, anthrax cases are frequently reported in both livestock and wildlife, with occasional transmission to humans, causing serious public health problems in the country. To understand the genetic diversity of B. anthracis strains in Zambia, we sequenced and compared the genomic DNA of B. anthracis strains isolated across the country. Single nucleotide polymorphisms clustered these strains into three groups. Genome sequence comparisons revealed a large deletion in strains belonging to one of the groups, possibly due to unequal crossing over between a pair of rRNA operons. The deleted genomic region included genes conferring resistance to bacitracin, and the strains with the deletion were confirmed with loss of bacitracin resistance. Similar deletions between rRNA operons were also observed in a few B. anthracis strains phylogenetically distant from Zambian strains. The structure of bacitracin resistance genes flanked by rRNA operons was conserved only in members of the Bacillus cereus group. The diversity and genomic characteristics of B. anthracis strains determined in this study would help in the development of genetic markers and treatment of anthrax in Zambia. IMPORTANCE Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, an endospore-forming soil bacterium. The genetic diversity of B. anthracis is known to be low compared with that of Bacillus species. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of Zambian isolates of B. anthracis to understand the genetic diversity between closely related strains. Comparison of genomic sequences revealed that closely related strains were separated into three groups based on single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed throughout the genome. A large genomic deletion was detected in the region containing a bacitracin resistance gene cluster flanked by rRNA operons, resulting in the loss of bacitracin resistance. The structure of the deleted region, which was also conserved among species of the Bacillus cereus group, has the potential for both deletion and amplification and thus might be enabling the species to flexibly control the level of bacitracin resistance for adaptive evolution.Yoshikazu FurutaHayato HarimaEmiko ItoFumito MaruyamaNaomi OhnishiKen OsakiHirohito OgawaDavid SquarreBernard Mudenda Hang'ombeHideaki HigashiAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleBacillus anthracisBacillus cereus groupantibiotic resistancebacitracingenome analysisrRNA operonMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 3, Iss 5 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Bacillus anthracis Bacillus cereus group antibiotic resistance bacitracin genome analysis rRNA operon Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Bacillus anthracis Bacillus cereus group antibiotic resistance bacitracin genome analysis rRNA operon Microbiology QR1-502 Yoshikazu Furuta Hayato Harima Emiko Ito Fumito Maruyama Naomi Ohnishi Ken Osaki Hirohito Ogawa David Squarre Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe Hideaki Higashi Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains
description	ABSTRACT Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive endospore-forming bacterial species that causes anthrax in both humans and animals. In Zambia, anthrax cases are frequently reported in both livestock and wildlife, with occasional transmission to humans, causing serious public health problems in the country. To understand the genetic diversity of B. anthracis strains in Zambia, we sequenced and compared the genomic DNA of B. anthracis strains isolated across the country. Single nucleotide polymorphisms clustered these strains into three groups. Genome sequence comparisons revealed a large deletion in strains belonging to one of the groups, possibly due to unequal crossing over between a pair of rRNA operons. The deleted genomic region included genes conferring resistance to bacitracin, and the strains with the deletion were confirmed with loss of bacitracin resistance. Similar deletions between rRNA operons were also observed in a few B. anthracis strains phylogenetically distant from Zambian strains. The structure of bacitracin resistance genes flanked by rRNA operons was conserved only in members of the Bacillus cereus group. The diversity and genomic characteristics of B. anthracis strains determined in this study would help in the development of genetic markers and treatment of anthrax in Zambia. IMPORTANCE Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, an endospore-forming soil bacterium. The genetic diversity of B. anthracis is known to be low compared with that of Bacillus species. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of Zambian isolates of B. anthracis to understand the genetic diversity between closely related strains. Comparison of genomic sequences revealed that closely related strains were separated into three groups based on single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed throughout the genome. A large genomic deletion was detected in the region containing a bacitracin resistance gene cluster flanked by rRNA operons, resulting in the loss of bacitracin resistance. The structure of the deleted region, which was also conserved among species of the Bacillus cereus group, has the potential for both deletion and amplification and thus might be enabling the species to flexibly control the level of bacitracin resistance for adaptive evolution.
format	article
author	Yoshikazu Furuta Hayato Harima Emiko Ito Fumito Maruyama Naomi Ohnishi Ken Osaki Hirohito Ogawa David Squarre Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe Hideaki Higashi
author_facet	Yoshikazu Furuta Hayato Harima Emiko Ito Fumito Maruyama Naomi Ohnishi Ken Osaki Hirohito Ogawa David Squarre Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe Hideaki Higashi
author_sort	Yoshikazu Furuta
title	Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains
title_short	Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains
title_full	Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains
title_fullStr	Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains
title_full_unstemmed	Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains
title_sort	loss of bacitracin resistance due to a large genomic deletion among <italic toggle="yes">bacillus anthracis</italic> strains
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/cc309eb0faf04698b976985906725033
work_keys_str_mv	AT yoshikazufuruta lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT hayatoharima lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT emikoito lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT fumitomaruyama lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT naomiohnishi lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT kenosaki lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT hirohitoogawa lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT davidsquarre lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT bernardmudendahangombe lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains AT hideakihigashi lossofbacitracinresistanceduetoalargegenomicdeletionamongitalictoggleyesbacillusanthracisitalicstrains
_version_	1718377767455686656

Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among <italic toggle="yes">Bacillus anthracis</italic> Strains

Ejemplares similares