Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

VT Anju,1 Parasuraman Paramanantham,1 Busi Siddhardha,1 SB Sruthil Lal,2 Alok Sharan,2 Abdullah A Alyousef,3 Mohammed Arshad,3 Asad Syed41Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; 2Department of Physics, School of Physical, Chemical &a...

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Autores principales:	Anju VT, Paramanantham P, Siddhardha B, Sruthil Lal SB, Sharan A, Alyousef AA, Arshad M, Syed A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	aPDT MGCNT Biofilms Reactive Oxygen Species CLSM Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cca0ccd734ac4097b6c0b5df439d9335
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cca0ccd734ac4097b6c0b5df439d93352021-12-02T08:15:52ZMalachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/cca0ccd734ac4097b6c0b5df439d93352019-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/malachite-green-conjugated-multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes-potentiate-an-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013VT Anju,1 Parasuraman Paramanantham,1 Busi Siddhardha,1 SB Sruthil Lal,2 Alok Sharan,2 Abdullah A Alyousef,3 Mohammed Arshad,3 Asad Syed41Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; 2Department of Physics, School of Physical, Chemical & Applied Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; 3Microbiology Research Group, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPurpose: Infections associated with medical devices that are caused by biofilms remain a considerable challenge for health care systems owing to their multidrug resistance patterns. Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus can result in life-threatening situations which are tough to eliminate by traditional methods. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDT) constitutes an alternative method of killing deadly pathogens and their biofilms using reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study investigated the efficacy of enhanced in vitro aPDT of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus using malachite green conjugated to carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MGCNT). Both the planktonic cells and biofilms of test bacteria were demonstrated to be susceptible to the MGCNT conjugate. These MGCNT conjugates may thus be employed as a facile strategy for designing antibacterial and anti-biofilm coatings to prevent the infections associated with medical devices.Methods: Conjugation of the cationic dye malachite green to carbon nanotube was studied by UV-visible spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. P. aeruginosa and S. aureus photodestruction were studied using MGCNT conjugate irradiated for 3 mins with a red laser of wavelength 660 nm and radiant exposure of 58.49 J cm−2,.Results: Upon MGCNT treatment, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were reduced by 5.16 and 5.55 log10 , respectively. Compared to free dye, treatment with MGCNT afforded improved phototoxicity against test bacteria, concomitant with greater ROS production. The results revealed improved biofilm inhibition, exopolysaccharide inhibition, and reduced cell viability in test bacteria treated with MGCNT conjugate. P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms were considerably reduced to 60.20±2.48% and 67.59±3.53%, respectively. Enhanced relative MGCNT phototoxicity in test bacteria was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy.Conclusion: The findings indicated that MGCNT conjugate could be useful to eliminate the biofilms formed on medical devices by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.Keywords: aPDT, MGCNT, Biofilms, reactive oxygen species, CLSMAnju VTParamanantham PSiddhardha BSruthil Lal SBSharan AAlyousef AAArshad MSyed ADove Medical PressarticleaPDTMGCNTBiofilmsReactive Oxygen SpeciesCLSMMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 14, Pp 3861-3874 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aPDT MGCNT Biofilms Reactive Oxygen Species CLSM Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	aPDT MGCNT Biofilms Reactive Oxygen Species CLSM Medicine (General) R5-920 Anju VT Paramanantham P Siddhardha B Sruthil Lal SB Sharan A Alyousef AA Arshad M Syed A Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
description	VT Anju,1 Parasuraman Paramanantham,1 Busi Siddhardha,1 SB Sruthil Lal,2 Alok Sharan,2 Abdullah A Alyousef,3 Mohammed Arshad,3 Asad Syed41Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; 2Department of Physics, School of Physical, Chemical & Applied Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; 3Microbiology Research Group, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPurpose: Infections associated with medical devices that are caused by biofilms remain a considerable challenge for health care systems owing to their multidrug resistance patterns. Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus can result in life-threatening situations which are tough to eliminate by traditional methods. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDT) constitutes an alternative method of killing deadly pathogens and their biofilms using reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study investigated the efficacy of enhanced in vitro aPDT of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus using malachite green conjugated to carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MGCNT). Both the planktonic cells and biofilms of test bacteria were demonstrated to be susceptible to the MGCNT conjugate. These MGCNT conjugates may thus be employed as a facile strategy for designing antibacterial and anti-biofilm coatings to prevent the infections associated with medical devices.Methods: Conjugation of the cationic dye malachite green to carbon nanotube was studied by UV-visible spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. P. aeruginosa and S. aureus photodestruction were studied using MGCNT conjugate irradiated for 3 mins with a red laser of wavelength 660 nm and radiant exposure of 58.49 J cm−2,.Results: Upon MGCNT treatment, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were reduced by 5.16 and 5.55 log10 , respectively. Compared to free dye, treatment with MGCNT afforded improved phototoxicity against test bacteria, concomitant with greater ROS production. The results revealed improved biofilm inhibition, exopolysaccharide inhibition, and reduced cell viability in test bacteria treated with MGCNT conjugate. P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms were considerably reduced to 60.20±2.48% and 67.59±3.53%, respectively. Enhanced relative MGCNT phototoxicity in test bacteria was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy.Conclusion: The findings indicated that MGCNT conjugate could be useful to eliminate the biofilms formed on medical devices by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.Keywords: aPDT, MGCNT, Biofilms, reactive oxygen species, CLSM
format	article
author	Anju VT Paramanantham P Siddhardha B Sruthil Lal SB Sharan A Alyousef AA Arshad M Syed A
author_facet	Anju VT Paramanantham P Siddhardha B Sruthil Lal SB Sharan A Alyousef AA Arshad M Syed A
author_sort	Anju VT
title	Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
title_short	Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
title_full	Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
title_fullStr	Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
title_full_unstemmed	Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
title_sort	malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/cca0ccd734ac4097b6c0b5df439d9335
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Malachite green-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes potentiate antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cells and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

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