Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology

ABSTRACT The devastating Haitian cholera outbreak that began in October 2010 is the first known cholera epidemic in this island nation. Epidemiological and genomic data have provided strong evidence that United Nations security forces from Nepal introduced toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, the cause of...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Yonatan H. Grad, Matthew K. Waldor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2013
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cca1cf0b15a4446fa94d0cb6d8c1e5dc
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:cca1cf0b15a4446fa94d0cb6d8c1e5dc
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cca1cf0b15a4446fa94d0cb6d8c1e5dc2021-11-15T15:42:48ZDeciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology10.1128/mBio.00670-132150-7511https://doaj.org/article/cca1cf0b15a4446fa94d0cb6d8c1e5dc2013-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00670-13https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The devastating Haitian cholera outbreak that began in October 2010 is the first known cholera epidemic in this island nation. Epidemiological and genomic data have provided strong evidence that United Nations security forces from Nepal introduced toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, the cause of epidemic cholera, to Haiti shortly before the outbreak arose. However, some have contended that indigenous V. cholerae contributed to the outbreak. In a recent paper (mBio 4:e00398-13, 2013), L. S. Katz et al. explored the nature and rate of changes in this ancient pathogen’s genome during an outbreak, based on whole-genome sequencing of 23 Haitian V. cholerae clinical isolates obtained over a 20-month period. Notably, they detected point mutations, deletions, and inversions but found no insertion of horizontally transmitted DNA, arguing strongly against the idea that autochthonous V. cholerae donated DNA to the outbreak strain. Furthermore, they found that Haitian epidemic V. cholerae isolates were virtually untransformable. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the Haitian isolates were nearly identical to isolates from Nepal and that the Nepalese-Haitian isolates were distinguishable from isolates circulating elsewhere in the world. Reconstruction of the phylogeny of the Haitian isolates was consistent with a single introduction of V. cholerae to Haiti sometime between late July and late October 2010, dates remarkably concordant with epidemiological observations. In aggregate, this paper provides additional compelling evidence that the V. cholerae strain responsible for the Haitian cholera epidemic came from Nepal and illustrates the power of whole-genome-based analyses for epidemiology, pathogen evolution, and forensics.Yonatan H. GradMatthew K. WaldorAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 4, Iss 5 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Yonatan H. Grad Matthew K. Waldor Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology
description	ABSTRACT The devastating Haitian cholera outbreak that began in October 2010 is the first known cholera epidemic in this island nation. Epidemiological and genomic data have provided strong evidence that United Nations security forces from Nepal introduced toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, the cause of epidemic cholera, to Haiti shortly before the outbreak arose. However, some have contended that indigenous V. cholerae contributed to the outbreak. In a recent paper (mBio 4:e00398-13, 2013), L. S. Katz et al. explored the nature and rate of changes in this ancient pathogen’s genome during an outbreak, based on whole-genome sequencing of 23 Haitian V. cholerae clinical isolates obtained over a 20-month period. Notably, they detected point mutations, deletions, and inversions but found no insertion of horizontally transmitted DNA, arguing strongly against the idea that autochthonous V. cholerae donated DNA to the outbreak strain. Furthermore, they found that Haitian epidemic V. cholerae isolates were virtually untransformable. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the Haitian isolates were nearly identical to isolates from Nepal and that the Nepalese-Haitian isolates were distinguishable from isolates circulating elsewhere in the world. Reconstruction of the phylogeny of the Haitian isolates was consistent with a single introduction of V. cholerae to Haiti sometime between late July and late October 2010, dates remarkably concordant with epidemiological observations. In aggregate, this paper provides additional compelling evidence that the V. cholerae strain responsible for the Haitian cholera epidemic came from Nepal and illustrates the power of whole-genome-based analyses for epidemiology, pathogen evolution, and forensics.
format	article
author	Yonatan H. Grad Matthew K. Waldor
author_facet	Yonatan H. Grad Matthew K. Waldor
author_sort	Yonatan H. Grad
title	Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology
title_short	Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology
title_full	Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology
title_fullStr	Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology
title_full_unstemmed	Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology
title_sort	deciphering the origins and tracking the evolution of cholera epidemics with whole-genome-based molecular epidemiology
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/cca1cf0b15a4446fa94d0cb6d8c1e5dc
work_keys_str_mv	AT yonatanhgrad decipheringtheoriginsandtrackingtheevolutionofcholeraepidemicswithwholegenomebasedmolecularepidemiology AT matthewkwaldor decipheringtheoriginsandtrackingtheevolutionofcholeraepidemicswithwholegenomebasedmolecularepidemiology
_version_	1718427612366241792

Deciphering the Origins and Tracking the Evolution of Cholera Epidemics with Whole-Genome-Based Molecular Epidemiology

Ejemplares similares