Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables

Unit loads consisting of a pallet, packages, and a product securement system are the dominant way of shipping products across the United States. The most common packaging types used in unit loads are corrugated boxes. Due to the great stresses created during unit load stacking, accurately predicting...

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Autores principales:	Saewhan Kim, Laszlo Horvath, Jennifer D. Russell, Jonghun Park
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	corrugated box compression strength pallet unit load unit load optimization Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ccbe44d333694b89a84eefcb9081ddaa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ccbe44d333694b89a84eefcb9081ddaa2021-11-11T18:08:52ZInvestigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables10.3390/ma142166131996-1944https://doaj.org/article/ccbe44d333694b89a84eefcb9081ddaa2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6613https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Unit loads consisting of a pallet, packages, and a product securement system are the dominant way of shipping products across the United States. The most common packaging types used in unit loads are corrugated boxes. Due to the great stresses created during unit load stacking, accurately predicting the compression strength of corrugated boxes is critical to preventing unit load failure. Although many variables affect the compression strength of corrugated boxes, recently, it was found that changing the pallet’s top deck stiffness can significantly affect compression strength. However, there is still a lack of understanding of how these different factors influence this phenomenon. This study investigated the effect of pallet’s top-deck stiffness on corrugated box compression strength as a function of initial top deck thickness, pallet wood species, box size, and board grade. The amount of increase in top deck thickness needed to lower the board grade of corrugated boxes by one level from the initial unit load scenario was determined using PDS™. The benefits of increasing top deck thickness diminish as the initial top deck thickness increases due to less severe pallet deflection from the start. The benefits were more pronounced as higher board grade boxes were initially used, and as smaller-sized boxes were used due to the heavier weights of these unit loads. Therefore, supposing that a company uses lower stiffness pallets or heavy corrugated boxes for their unit loads, this study suggests that they will find more opportunities to optimize their unit loads by increasing their pallet’s top deck thickness.Saewhan KimLaszlo HorvathJennifer D. RussellJonghun ParkMDPI AGarticlecorrugated boxcompression strengthpalletunit loadunit load optimizationTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6613, p 6613 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	corrugated box compression strength pallet unit load unit load optimization Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	corrugated box compression strength pallet unit load unit load optimization Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Saewhan Kim Laszlo Horvath Jennifer D. Russell Jonghun Park Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables
description	Unit loads consisting of a pallet, packages, and a product securement system are the dominant way of shipping products across the United States. The most common packaging types used in unit loads are corrugated boxes. Due to the great stresses created during unit load stacking, accurately predicting the compression strength of corrugated boxes is critical to preventing unit load failure. Although many variables affect the compression strength of corrugated boxes, recently, it was found that changing the pallet’s top deck stiffness can significantly affect compression strength. However, there is still a lack of understanding of how these different factors influence this phenomenon. This study investigated the effect of pallet’s top-deck stiffness on corrugated box compression strength as a function of initial top deck thickness, pallet wood species, box size, and board grade. The amount of increase in top deck thickness needed to lower the board grade of corrugated boxes by one level from the initial unit load scenario was determined using PDS™. The benefits of increasing top deck thickness diminish as the initial top deck thickness increases due to less severe pallet deflection from the start. The benefits were more pronounced as higher board grade boxes were initially used, and as smaller-sized boxes were used due to the heavier weights of these unit loads. Therefore, supposing that a company uses lower stiffness pallets or heavy corrugated boxes for their unit loads, this study suggests that they will find more opportunities to optimize their unit loads by increasing their pallet’s top deck thickness.
format	article
author	Saewhan Kim Laszlo Horvath Jennifer D. Russell Jonghun Park
author_facet	Saewhan Kim Laszlo Horvath Jennifer D. Russell Jonghun Park
author_sort	Saewhan Kim
title	Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables
title_short	Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables
title_full	Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables
title_fullStr	Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables
title_sort	investigation of the effect of pallet top-deck stiffness on corrugated box compression strength as a function of multiple unit load design variables
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ccbe44d333694b89a84eefcb9081ddaa
work_keys_str_mv	AT saewhankim investigationoftheeffectofpallettopdeckstiffnessoncorrugatedboxcompressionstrengthasafunctionofmultipleunitloaddesignvariables AT laszlohorvath investigationoftheeffectofpallettopdeckstiffnessoncorrugatedboxcompressionstrengthasafunctionofmultipleunitloaddesignvariables AT jenniferdrussell investigationoftheeffectofpallettopdeckstiffnessoncorrugatedboxcompressionstrengthasafunctionofmultipleunitloaddesignvariables AT jonghunpark investigationoftheeffectofpallettopdeckstiffnessoncorrugatedboxcompressionstrengthasafunctionofmultipleunitloaddesignvariables
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Investigation of the Effect of Pallet Top-Deck Stiffness on Corrugated Box Compression Strength as a Function of Multiple Unit Load Design Variables

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