Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.

Humans form impressions of others by associating persons (faces) with negative or positive social outcomes. This learning process has been referred to as social conditioning. In everyday life, affective nonverbal gestures may constitute important social signals cueing threat or safety, which therefo...

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Autores principales:	Matthias J Wieser, Tobias Flaisch, Paul Pauli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ccd5bd0849754099a12519d78ec766bd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ccd5bd0849754099a12519d78ec766bd2021-11-25T06:07:28ZRaised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0102937https://doaj.org/article/ccd5bd0849754099a12519d78ec766bd2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/25054341/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Humans form impressions of others by associating persons (faces) with negative or positive social outcomes. This learning process has been referred to as social conditioning. In everyday life, affective nonverbal gestures may constitute important social signals cueing threat or safety, which therefore may support aforementioned learning processes. In conventional aversive conditioning, studies using electroencephalography to investigate visuocortical processing of visual stimuli paired with danger cues such as aversive noise have demonstrated facilitated processing and enhanced sensory gain in visual cortex. The present study aimed at extending this line of research to the field of social conditioning by pairing neutral face stimuli with affective nonverbal gestures. To this end, electro-cortical processing of faces serving as different conditioned stimuli was investigated in a differential social conditioning paradigm. Behavioral ratings and visually evoked steady-state potentials (ssVEP) were recorded in twenty healthy human participants, who underwent a differential conditioning procedure in which three neutral faces were paired with pictures of negative (raised middle finger), neutral (pointing), or positive (thumbs-up) gestures. As expected, faces associated with the aversive hand gesture (raised middle finger) elicited larger ssVEP amplitudes during conditioning. Moreover, theses faces were rated as to be more arousing and unpleasant. These results suggest that cortical engagement in response to faces aversively conditioned with nonverbal gestures is facilitated in order to establish persistent vigilance for social threat-related cues. This form of social conditioning allows to establish a predictive relationship between social stimuli and motivationally relevant outcomes.Matthias J WieserTobias FlaischPaul PauliPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e102937 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Matthias J Wieser Tobias Flaisch Paul Pauli Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
description	Humans form impressions of others by associating persons (faces) with negative or positive social outcomes. This learning process has been referred to as social conditioning. In everyday life, affective nonverbal gestures may constitute important social signals cueing threat or safety, which therefore may support aforementioned learning processes. In conventional aversive conditioning, studies using electroencephalography to investigate visuocortical processing of visual stimuli paired with danger cues such as aversive noise have demonstrated facilitated processing and enhanced sensory gain in visual cortex. The present study aimed at extending this line of research to the field of social conditioning by pairing neutral face stimuli with affective nonverbal gestures. To this end, electro-cortical processing of faces serving as different conditioned stimuli was investigated in a differential social conditioning paradigm. Behavioral ratings and visually evoked steady-state potentials (ssVEP) were recorded in twenty healthy human participants, who underwent a differential conditioning procedure in which three neutral faces were paired with pictures of negative (raised middle finger), neutral (pointing), or positive (thumbs-up) gestures. As expected, faces associated with the aversive hand gesture (raised middle finger) elicited larger ssVEP amplitudes during conditioning. Moreover, theses faces were rated as to be more arousing and unpleasant. These results suggest that cortical engagement in response to faces aversively conditioned with nonverbal gestures is facilitated in order to establish persistent vigilance for social threat-related cues. This form of social conditioning allows to establish a predictive relationship between social stimuli and motivationally relevant outcomes.
format	article
author	Matthias J Wieser Tobias Flaisch Paul Pauli
author_facet	Matthias J Wieser Tobias Flaisch Paul Pauli
author_sort	Matthias J Wieser
title	Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
title_short	Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
title_full	Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
title_fullStr	Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
title_full_unstemmed	Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
title_sort	raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/ccd5bd0849754099a12519d78ec766bd
work_keys_str_mv	AT matthiasjwieser raisedmiddlefingerelectrocorticalcorrelatesofsocialconditioningwithnonverbalaffectivegestures AT tobiasflaisch raisedmiddlefingerelectrocorticalcorrelatesofsocialconditioningwithnonverbalaffectivegestures AT paulpauli raisedmiddlefingerelectrocorticalcorrelatesofsocialconditioningwithnonverbalaffectivegestures
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Raised middle-finger: electrocortical correlates of social conditioning with nonverbal affective gestures.

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