Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.

Toxoplasma gondii is a common protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals throughout the world, including mice and humans. During infection, both, the parasite and the host, utilize various mechanisms to maximize their own reproductive success. Mice and humans are both the intermediate host...

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Autores principales:	Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova, Adela Sidlova, Lukas Ded, Denisa Hladovcova, Markus Vieweg, Wolfgang Weidner, Klaus Steger, Pavel Stopka, Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ccdab0aadca04a749e632fcd0f4d1709
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ccdab0aadca04a749e632fcd0f4d17092021-11-18T08:15:06ZToxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0096770https://doaj.org/article/ccdab0aadca04a749e632fcd0f4d17092014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24940596/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Toxoplasma gondii is a common protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals throughout the world, including mice and humans. During infection, both, the parasite and the host, utilize various mechanisms to maximize their own reproductive success. Mice and humans are both the intermediate hosts for Toxoplasma gondii, which forms specialized vacuoles containing reproductive cysts in the formers' tissue. As half of the human population is infected, developing a disease called toxoplasmosis, along with an ever-growing number of couples suffering with idiopathic infertility, it is therefore surprising that there is a lack of research on how Toxoplasma gondii can alter reproductive parameters. In this study, a detailed histometric screening of the testicular function along with the levels of the pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) were analysed in infected mice. Data on relative testis and epididymis weight, and sperm count were also collected. Based on the results obtained, the level of LH in the urine of Toxoplasma gondii infected mice was lower compared to the control. In direct correlation with the hormone level, testicular function and sperm production was also significantly lower in Toxoplasma gondii positive group using sperm count and histometric analysis as a marker. Not only were the number of leptotene primary spermatocytes and spermatids lowered, but the number of Sertoli cells and the tubule diameter were elevated. In parallel, a pilot epigenetic study on global testicular methylation, and specific methylation of Crem, Creb1 and Hspa1genes essential for successfully ongoing spermatogenesis was performed. Global methylation was elevated in Toxoplasma infected mice, and differences in the DNA methylation of selected genes were detected between the Toxoplasma positive and control group. These findings demonstrate a direct relation between Toxoplasma gondii infection and the decrease of male reproductive fitness in mice, which may contribute to an increase of idiopathic infertility in humans.Katerina Dvorakova-HortovaAdela SidlovaLukas DedDenisa HladovcovaMarkus ViewegWolfgang WeidnerKlaus StegerPavel StopkaAgnieszka Paradowska-DoganPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e96770 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova Adela Sidlova Lukas Ded Denisa Hladovcova Markus Vieweg Wolfgang Weidner Klaus Steger Pavel Stopka Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
description	Toxoplasma gondii is a common protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals throughout the world, including mice and humans. During infection, both, the parasite and the host, utilize various mechanisms to maximize their own reproductive success. Mice and humans are both the intermediate hosts for Toxoplasma gondii, which forms specialized vacuoles containing reproductive cysts in the formers' tissue. As half of the human population is infected, developing a disease called toxoplasmosis, along with an ever-growing number of couples suffering with idiopathic infertility, it is therefore surprising that there is a lack of research on how Toxoplasma gondii can alter reproductive parameters. In this study, a detailed histometric screening of the testicular function along with the levels of the pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) were analysed in infected mice. Data on relative testis and epididymis weight, and sperm count were also collected. Based on the results obtained, the level of LH in the urine of Toxoplasma gondii infected mice was lower compared to the control. In direct correlation with the hormone level, testicular function and sperm production was also significantly lower in Toxoplasma gondii positive group using sperm count and histometric analysis as a marker. Not only were the number of leptotene primary spermatocytes and spermatids lowered, but the number of Sertoli cells and the tubule diameter were elevated. In parallel, a pilot epigenetic study on global testicular methylation, and specific methylation of Crem, Creb1 and Hspa1genes essential for successfully ongoing spermatogenesis was performed. Global methylation was elevated in Toxoplasma infected mice, and differences in the DNA methylation of selected genes were detected between the Toxoplasma positive and control group. These findings demonstrate a direct relation between Toxoplasma gondii infection and the decrease of male reproductive fitness in mice, which may contribute to an increase of idiopathic infertility in humans.
format	article
author	Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova Adela Sidlova Lukas Ded Denisa Hladovcova Markus Vieweg Wolfgang Weidner Klaus Steger Pavel Stopka Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan
author_facet	Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova Adela Sidlova Lukas Ded Denisa Hladovcova Markus Vieweg Wolfgang Weidner Klaus Steger Pavel Stopka Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan
author_sort	Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
title	Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
title_short	Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
title_full	Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
title_fullStr	Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
title_full_unstemmed	Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
title_sort	toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/ccdab0aadca04a749e632fcd0f4d1709
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Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice.

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