Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives

Adolescence is a period of continuous development, including the maturation of endogenous rhythms across systems and timescales. Although, these dynamic changes are well-recognized, their continuous structure and hormonal dependence have not been systematically characterized. Given the well-establis...

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Autores principales:	Azure D. Grant, Linda Wilbrecht, Lance J. Kriegsfeld
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	puberty estrous birth control metabolism signal processing wavelet analysis Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd0241f0e0fd4826bfd0f07c91c83194
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd0241f0e0fd4826bfd0f07c91c831942021-11-05T15:49:44ZAdolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives1664-042X10.3389/fphys.2021.752363https://doaj.org/article/cd0241f0e0fd4826bfd0f07c91c831942021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.752363/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XAdolescence is a period of continuous development, including the maturation of endogenous rhythms across systems and timescales. Although, these dynamic changes are well-recognized, their continuous structure and hormonal dependence have not been systematically characterized. Given the well-established link between core body temperature (CBT) and reproductive hormones in adults, we hypothesized that high-resolution CBT can be applied to passively monitor pubertal development and disruption with high fidelity. To examine this possibility, we used signal processing to investigate the trajectory of CBT rhythms at the within-day (ultradian), daily (circadian), and ovulatory timescales, their dependence on estradiol (E2), and the effects of hormonal contraceptives. Puberty onset was marked by a rise in fecal estradiol (fE2), followed by an elevation in CBT and circadian power. This time period marked the commencement of 4-day rhythmicity in fE2, CBT, and ultradian power marking the onset of the estrous cycle. The rise in circadian amplitude was accelerated by E2 treatment, indicating a role for this hormone in rhythmic development. Contraceptive administration in later adolescence reduced CBT and circadian power and resulted in disruption to 4-day cycles that persisted after discontinuation. Our data reveal with precise temporal resolution how biological rhythms change across adolescence and demonstrate a role for E2 in the emergence and preservation of multiscale rhythmicity. These findings also demonstrate how hormones delivered exogenously in a non-rhythmic pattern can disrupt rhythmic development. These data lay the groundwork for a future in which temperature metrics provide an inexpensive, convenient method for monitoring pubertal maturation and support the development of hormone therapies that better mimic and support human chronobiology.Azure D. GrantLinda WilbrechtLinda WilbrechtLance J. KriegsfeldLance J. KriegsfeldLance J. KriegsfeldLance J. KriegsfeldFrontiers Media S.A.articlepubertyestrousbirth controlmetabolismsignal processingwavelet analysisPhysiologyQP1-981ENFrontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	puberty estrous birth control metabolism signal processing wavelet analysis Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	puberty estrous birth control metabolism signal processing wavelet analysis Physiology QP1-981 Azure D. Grant Linda Wilbrecht Linda Wilbrecht Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives
description	Adolescence is a period of continuous development, including the maturation of endogenous rhythms across systems and timescales. Although, these dynamic changes are well-recognized, their continuous structure and hormonal dependence have not been systematically characterized. Given the well-established link between core body temperature (CBT) and reproductive hormones in adults, we hypothesized that high-resolution CBT can be applied to passively monitor pubertal development and disruption with high fidelity. To examine this possibility, we used signal processing to investigate the trajectory of CBT rhythms at the within-day (ultradian), daily (circadian), and ovulatory timescales, their dependence on estradiol (E2), and the effects of hormonal contraceptives. Puberty onset was marked by a rise in fecal estradiol (fE2), followed by an elevation in CBT and circadian power. This time period marked the commencement of 4-day rhythmicity in fE2, CBT, and ultradian power marking the onset of the estrous cycle. The rise in circadian amplitude was accelerated by E2 treatment, indicating a role for this hormone in rhythmic development. Contraceptive administration in later adolescence reduced CBT and circadian power and resulted in disruption to 4-day cycles that persisted after discontinuation. Our data reveal with precise temporal resolution how biological rhythms change across adolescence and demonstrate a role for E2 in the emergence and preservation of multiscale rhythmicity. These findings also demonstrate how hormones delivered exogenously in a non-rhythmic pattern can disrupt rhythmic development. These data lay the groundwork for a future in which temperature metrics provide an inexpensive, convenient method for monitoring pubertal maturation and support the development of hormone therapies that better mimic and support human chronobiology.
format	article
author	Azure D. Grant Linda Wilbrecht Linda Wilbrecht Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld
author_facet	Azure D. Grant Linda Wilbrecht Linda Wilbrecht Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld Lance J. Kriegsfeld
author_sort	Azure D. Grant
title	Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives
title_short	Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives
title_full	Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives
title_fullStr	Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives
title_full_unstemmed	Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives
title_sort	adolescent development of biological rhythms in female rats: estradiol dependence and effects of combined contraceptives
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd0241f0e0fd4826bfd0f07c91c83194
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Adolescent Development of Biological Rhythms in Female Rats: Estradiol Dependence and Effects of Combined Contraceptives

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