Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model

We study the delay over virtual RAN (vRAN) topologies, entailing base stations that are divided into centralized and distributed units, as well as the packet-switched fronthaul network that connects them. We consider the use of flexible functional split, where the functions that are executed at each...

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Autores principales:	Luis Diez, Alberto Martinez Alba, Wolfgang Kellerer, Ramon Aguero
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IEEE 2021
Materias:	5G beyond 5G functional split virtual RAN (vRAN) Markov chain quasi-birth-death (QBD) process Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd1a48f628ce4511821945a5eac70d52
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd1a48f628ce4511821945a5eac70d522021-11-17T00:01:09ZFlexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model2169-353610.1109/ACCESS.2021.3124374https://doaj.org/article/cd1a48f628ce4511821945a5eac70d522021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9594852/https://doaj.org/toc/2169-3536We study the delay over virtual RAN (vRAN) topologies, entailing base stations that are divided into centralized and distributed units, as well as the packet-switched fronthaul network that connects them. We consider the use of flexible functional split, where the functions that are executed at each of these two entities can be dynamically shifted. We propose a queuing-based model, which is able to precisely mimic the behavior of such nodes, and we validate it by means of extensive simulations. We also exploit Jackson Networks theory to establish the end-to-end delay over the fronthaul network, allowing us to assess the impact of having different networking policies and conditions (for instance, background traffic or heterogeneous technologies). Thanks to the simulator we can also broaden the analysis, by studying the delay variability. In addition, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the performance exhibited by a realistic network setup, whose particular characteristics might hinder the services performance, due to the longer dwell times at each split configuration. The results evince the validity of the proposed model, even under realistic conditions. We show that it might not be enough to guarantee an average stable operation of the centralized/distributed units, but the traffic load should remain below the slowest service rate, to avoid reaching unacceptable delays. An increase of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$> 100 \times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is observed in the delay, using the realistic network setup, when these conditions do not hold.Luis DiezAlberto Martinez AlbaWolfgang KellererRamon AgueroIEEEarticle5Gbeyond 5Gfunctional splitvirtual RAN (vRAN)Markov chainquasi-birth-death (QBD) processElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971ENIEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 151049-151066 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	5G beyond 5G functional split virtual RAN (vRAN) Markov chain quasi-birth-death (QBD) process Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
spellingShingle	5G beyond 5G functional split virtual RAN (vRAN) Markov chain quasi-birth-death (QBD) process Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Luis Diez Alberto Martinez Alba Wolfgang Kellerer Ramon Aguero Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model
description	We study the delay over virtual RAN (vRAN) topologies, entailing base stations that are divided into centralized and distributed units, as well as the packet-switched fronthaul network that connects them. We consider the use of flexible functional split, where the functions that are executed at each of these two entities can be dynamically shifted. We propose a queuing-based model, which is able to precisely mimic the behavior of such nodes, and we validate it by means of extensive simulations. We also exploit Jackson Networks theory to establish the end-to-end delay over the fronthaul network, allowing us to assess the impact of having different networking policies and conditions (for instance, background traffic or heterogeneous technologies). Thanks to the simulator we can also broaden the analysis, by studying the delay variability. In addition, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the performance exhibited by a realistic network setup, whose particular characteristics might hinder the services performance, due to the longer dwell times at each split configuration. The results evince the validity of the proposed model, even under realistic conditions. We show that it might not be enough to guarantee an average stable operation of the centralized/distributed units, but the traffic load should remain below the slowest service rate, to avoid reaching unacceptable delays. An increase of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$> 100 \times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is observed in the delay, using the realistic network setup, when these conditions do not hold.
format	article
author	Luis Diez Alberto Martinez Alba Wolfgang Kellerer Ramon Aguero
author_facet	Luis Diez Alberto Martinez Alba Wolfgang Kellerer Ramon Aguero
author_sort	Luis Diez
title	Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model
title_short	Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model
title_full	Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model
title_fullStr	Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model
title_full_unstemmed	Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model
title_sort	flexible functional split and fronthaul delay: a queuing-based model
publisher	IEEE
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd1a48f628ce4511821945a5eac70d52
work_keys_str_mv	AT luisdiez flexiblefunctionalsplitandfronthauldelayaqueuingbasedmodel AT albertomartinezalba flexiblefunctionalsplitandfronthauldelayaqueuingbasedmodel AT wolfgangkellerer flexiblefunctionalsplitandfronthauldelayaqueuingbasedmodel AT ramonaguero flexiblefunctionalsplitandfronthauldelayaqueuingbasedmodel
_version_	1718426074641072128

Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model

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