Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings

Abstract Iron tailings have few macropores which severely inhibit infiltration and transport of soil water. Polyacrylamide (PAM) can regulate soil water, but it is rarely used when remediating tailings matrix. In this research, PAM of four molecular weights of 300w, 600w, 800w, and 1000w were select...

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Autores principales:	Bo Sun, Chunjuan Lyu, Rutian Bi, Lu Xia, Xu Zhang, Caicai Xu, Yu Wang, Yansong Guo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd369dc861ad46aeb281e3d4b94cd711
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd369dc861ad46aeb281e3d4b94cd7112021-12-02T11:39:20ZEffects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings10.1038/s41598-021-85338-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cd369dc861ad46aeb281e3d4b94cd7112021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85338-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Iron tailings have few macropores which severely inhibit infiltration and transport of soil water. Polyacrylamide (PAM) can regulate soil water, but it is rarely used when remediating tailings matrix. In this research, PAM of four molecular weights of 300w, 600w, 800w, and 1000w were selected as amendments, and were each applied at five mass concentrations of 0% (CK), 0.01%, 0.04%, 0.08%, and 0.16% to observe their effects on water transport in iron tailings using column simulations in the laboratory. After adding PAM, the water retention and saturated water content of iron tailings increased significantly (P < 0.05). With increases in PAM molecular weight and mass concentration, the saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a downward trend, but the saturated hydraulic conductivity increased after a dry–wet cycle. With the increase of PAM mass concentration, adding PAM of 1000w molecular weight to iron tailing decreased infiltration capacity, but treatments of other molecular weights all initially increased then decreased infiltration capacity. The greatest improvement on infiltration capacity of iron tailings was observed with the addition of PAM of 300w molecular weight and 0.01% mass concentration. Adding PAM increased the vertical depth of the saturation zone of iron tailings (P < 0.05) with a maximum depth of 20.83 cm. The Kostiakov model more accurately simulated water infiltration of iron tailings compared with the Horton and Philip models. On the whole, when PAM of low molecular weight and concentration was added to iron tailings, PAM increased stable infiltration, saturated water content, and water retention. It also inhibited saturated hydraulic conductivity of iron tailings. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to select the appropriate molecular weight and mass concentration of PAM according to the dominant limiting factors and remediation needs of the matrix.Bo SunChunjuan LyuRutian BiLu XiaXu ZhangCaicai XuYu WangYansong GuoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Bo Sun Chunjuan Lyu Rutian Bi Lu Xia Xu Zhang Caicai Xu Yu Wang Yansong Guo Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
description	Abstract Iron tailings have few macropores which severely inhibit infiltration and transport of soil water. Polyacrylamide (PAM) can regulate soil water, but it is rarely used when remediating tailings matrix. In this research, PAM of four molecular weights of 300w, 600w, 800w, and 1000w were selected as amendments, and were each applied at five mass concentrations of 0% (CK), 0.01%, 0.04%, 0.08%, and 0.16% to observe their effects on water transport in iron tailings using column simulations in the laboratory. After adding PAM, the water retention and saturated water content of iron tailings increased significantly (P < 0.05). With increases in PAM molecular weight and mass concentration, the saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a downward trend, but the saturated hydraulic conductivity increased after a dry–wet cycle. With the increase of PAM mass concentration, adding PAM of 1000w molecular weight to iron tailing decreased infiltration capacity, but treatments of other molecular weights all initially increased then decreased infiltration capacity. The greatest improvement on infiltration capacity of iron tailings was observed with the addition of PAM of 300w molecular weight and 0.01% mass concentration. Adding PAM increased the vertical depth of the saturation zone of iron tailings (P < 0.05) with a maximum depth of 20.83 cm. The Kostiakov model more accurately simulated water infiltration of iron tailings compared with the Horton and Philip models. On the whole, when PAM of low molecular weight and concentration was added to iron tailings, PAM increased stable infiltration, saturated water content, and water retention. It also inhibited saturated hydraulic conductivity of iron tailings. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to select the appropriate molecular weight and mass concentration of PAM according to the dominant limiting factors and remediation needs of the matrix.
format	article
author	Bo Sun Chunjuan Lyu Rutian Bi Lu Xia Xu Zhang Caicai Xu Yu Wang Yansong Guo
author_facet	Bo Sun Chunjuan Lyu Rutian Bi Lu Xia Xu Zhang Caicai Xu Yu Wang Yansong Guo
author_sort	Bo Sun
title	Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
title_short	Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
title_full	Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
title_fullStr	Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
title_sort	effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd369dc861ad46aeb281e3d4b94cd711
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_version_	1718395729070784512

Effects of polyacrylamide molecular weight and mass concentration on water transport characteristics of iron tailings

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