Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance

ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium species are important commensals capable of dominating the infant gut microbiome, in part by producing acids that suppress growth of other taxa. Bifidobacterium species are less prone to possessing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes (ARGs) than other taxa that may colonize...

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Autores principales:	Diana H. Taft, Jinxin Liu, Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez, Samir Akre, M. Nazmul Huda, S. M. Ahmad, Charles B. Stephensen, David A. Mills
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	antimicrobial resistance bifidobacteria gut metagenome infant Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd3e4a0036084c5fa40a4d2c7610f63c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd3e4a0036084c5fa40a4d2c7610f63c2021-11-15T15:22:26ZBifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance10.1128/mSphere.00441-182379-5042https://doaj.org/article/cd3e4a0036084c5fa40a4d2c7610f63c2018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00441-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium species are important commensals capable of dominating the infant gut microbiome, in part by producing acids that suppress growth of other taxa. Bifidobacterium species are less prone to possessing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes (ARGs) than other taxa that may colonize infants. Given that AMR is a growing public health crisis and ARGs are present in the gut microbiome of humans from early life, this study examines the correlation between a Bifidobacterium-dominated infant gut microbiome and AMR levels, measured by a culture-independent metagenomic approach both in early life and as infants become toddlers. In general, Bifidobacterium dominance is associated with a significant reduction in AMR in a Bangladeshi cohort, both in the number of acquired AMR genes present and in the abundance of AMR genes. However, by year 2, Bangladeshi infants had no significant differences in AMR related to their early-life Bifidobacterium levels. A generalized linear model including all infants in a previously published Swedish cohort found a significant negative association between log-transformed total AMR and Bifidobacterium levels, thus confirming the relationship between Bifidobacterium levels and AMR. In both cohorts, there was no change between early-life and later-life AMR abundance in high-Bifidobacterium infants but a significant reduction in AMR abundance in low-Bifidobacterium infants. These results support the hypothesis that early Bifidobacterium dominance of the infant gut microbiome may help reduce colonization by taxa containing ARGs. IMPORTANCE Infants are vulnerable to an array of infectious diseases, and as the gut microbiome may serve as a reservoir of AMR for pathogens, reducing the levels of AMR in infants is important to infant health. This study demonstrates that high levels of Bifidobacterium are associated with reduced levels of AMR in early life and suggests that probiotic interventions to increase infant Bifidobacterium levels have the potential to reduce AMR in infants. However, this effect is not sustained at year 2 of age in Bangladeshi infants, underscoring the need for more detailed studies of the biogeography and timing of infant AMR acquisition.Diana H. TaftJinxin LiuMaria X. Maldonado-GomezSamir AkreM. Nazmul HudaS. M. AhmadCharles B. StephensenDavid A. MillsAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticleantimicrobial resistancebifidobacteriagut metagenomeinfantMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 3, Iss 5 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antimicrobial resistance bifidobacteria gut metagenome infant Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	antimicrobial resistance bifidobacteria gut metagenome infant Microbiology QR1-502 Diana H. Taft Jinxin Liu Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez Samir Akre M. Nazmul Huda S. M. Ahmad Charles B. Stephensen David A. Mills Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance
description	ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium species are important commensals capable of dominating the infant gut microbiome, in part by producing acids that suppress growth of other taxa. Bifidobacterium species are less prone to possessing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes (ARGs) than other taxa that may colonize infants. Given that AMR is a growing public health crisis and ARGs are present in the gut microbiome of humans from early life, this study examines the correlation between a Bifidobacterium-dominated infant gut microbiome and AMR levels, measured by a culture-independent metagenomic approach both in early life and as infants become toddlers. In general, Bifidobacterium dominance is associated with a significant reduction in AMR in a Bangladeshi cohort, both in the number of acquired AMR genes present and in the abundance of AMR genes. However, by year 2, Bangladeshi infants had no significant differences in AMR related to their early-life Bifidobacterium levels. A generalized linear model including all infants in a previously published Swedish cohort found a significant negative association between log-transformed total AMR and Bifidobacterium levels, thus confirming the relationship between Bifidobacterium levels and AMR. In both cohorts, there was no change between early-life and later-life AMR abundance in high-Bifidobacterium infants but a significant reduction in AMR abundance in low-Bifidobacterium infants. These results support the hypothesis that early Bifidobacterium dominance of the infant gut microbiome may help reduce colonization by taxa containing ARGs. IMPORTANCE Infants are vulnerable to an array of infectious diseases, and as the gut microbiome may serve as a reservoir of AMR for pathogens, reducing the levels of AMR in infants is important to infant health. This study demonstrates that high levels of Bifidobacterium are associated with reduced levels of AMR in early life and suggests that probiotic interventions to increase infant Bifidobacterium levels have the potential to reduce AMR in infants. However, this effect is not sustained at year 2 of age in Bangladeshi infants, underscoring the need for more detailed studies of the biogeography and timing of infant AMR acquisition.
format	article
author	Diana H. Taft Jinxin Liu Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez Samir Akre M. Nazmul Huda S. M. Ahmad Charles B. Stephensen David A. Mills
author_facet	Diana H. Taft Jinxin Liu Maria X. Maldonado-Gomez Samir Akre M. Nazmul Huda S. M. Ahmad Charles B. Stephensen David A. Mills
author_sort	Diana H. Taft
title	Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance
title_short	Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance
title_full	Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance
title_fullStr	Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance
title_full_unstemmed	Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance
title_sort	bifidobacterial dominance of the gut in early life and acquisition of antimicrobial resistance
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd3e4a0036084c5fa40a4d2c7610f63c
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Bifidobacterial Dominance of the Gut in Early Life and Acquisition of Antimicrobial Resistance

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