Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology

Lead pollution is a severe health concern for humankind. Utilizing water contaminated with lead can cause musculoskeletal, renal, neurological, and fertility impairments. Therefore, to remove lead ions, proficient, and cost-effective methods are imperative. In this study, the Odaracha soil which is...

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Autores principales:	Yohanis Birhanu, Seyoum Leta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	odaracha wastewater lead adsorption response surface method Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd431e7019b94cacaa48bdb8e872ce5a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd431e7019b94cacaa48bdb8e872ce5a2021-11-11T18:28:58ZMultivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology10.3390/molecules262164771420-3049https://doaj.org/article/cd431e7019b94cacaa48bdb8e872ce5a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6477https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Lead pollution is a severe health concern for humankind. Utilizing water contaminated with lead can cause musculoskeletal, renal, neurological, and fertility impairments. Therefore, to remove lead ions, proficient, and cost-effective methods are imperative. In this study, the Odaracha soil which is traditionally used by the local community of the Saketa District was used as a novel low-cost technology to adsorb lead ions. Odaracha adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption process followed the batch adsorption experiment. The response surface method was implemented to derive the operating variables’ binary interaction effect and optimize the process. According to the study’s experimental result, at optimum experimental conditions Odaracha adsorbent removes 98.17% of lead ions. Based on the result of the central composite design model, the Pb<sup>2+</sup> ion removal efficiency of Odaracha was 97.193%, indicating an insignificant dissimilarity of the actual and predicted results. The coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) for Pb<sup>2+</sup> was 0.9454. According to the factors’ influence indicated in the results of the central composite design model, all individual factors and the interaction effect between contact time and pH has a significant positive effect on lead adsorption. However, other interaction effects (contact time with dose and pH with dose) did not significantly influence the removal efficiency of lead ions. The adsorption kinetics were perfectly fitted with a pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption isotherm was well fitted with the Freundlich isotherm model. In general, this study suggested that Odaracha adsorbent can be considered a potential adsorbent to remove Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions and it is conceivable to raise its effectiveness by extracting its constituents at the industrial level.Yohanis BirhanuSeyoum LetaMDPI AGarticleodarachawastewaterleadadsorptionresponse surface methodOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6477, p 6477 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	odaracha wastewater lead adsorption response surface method Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	odaracha wastewater lead adsorption response surface method Organic chemistry QD241-441 Yohanis Birhanu Seyoum Leta Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
description	Lead pollution is a severe health concern for humankind. Utilizing water contaminated with lead can cause musculoskeletal, renal, neurological, and fertility impairments. Therefore, to remove lead ions, proficient, and cost-effective methods are imperative. In this study, the Odaracha soil which is traditionally used by the local community of the Saketa District was used as a novel low-cost technology to adsorb lead ions. Odaracha adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption process followed the batch adsorption experiment. The response surface method was implemented to derive the operating variables’ binary interaction effect and optimize the process. According to the study’s experimental result, at optimum experimental conditions Odaracha adsorbent removes 98.17% of lead ions. Based on the result of the central composite design model, the Pb<sup>2+</sup> ion removal efficiency of Odaracha was 97.193%, indicating an insignificant dissimilarity of the actual and predicted results. The coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) for Pb<sup>2+</sup> was 0.9454. According to the factors’ influence indicated in the results of the central composite design model, all individual factors and the interaction effect between contact time and pH has a significant positive effect on lead adsorption. However, other interaction effects (contact time with dose and pH with dose) did not significantly influence the removal efficiency of lead ions. The adsorption kinetics were perfectly fitted with a pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption isotherm was well fitted with the Freundlich isotherm model. In general, this study suggested that Odaracha adsorbent can be considered a potential adsorbent to remove Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions and it is conceivable to raise its effectiveness by extracting its constituents at the industrial level.
format	article
author	Yohanis Birhanu Seyoum Leta
author_facet	Yohanis Birhanu Seyoum Leta
author_sort	Yohanis Birhanu
title	Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
title_short	Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
title_full	Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
title_fullStr	Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
title_full_unstemmed	Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology
title_sort	multivariate optimization of pb<sup>2+</sup> adsorption onto ethiopian low-cost odaracha soil using response surface methodology
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd431e7019b94cacaa48bdb8e872ce5a
work_keys_str_mv	AT yohanisbirhanu multivariateoptimizationofpbsup2supadsorptionontoethiopianlowcostodarachasoilusingresponsesurfacemethodology AT seyoumleta multivariateoptimizationofpbsup2supadsorptionontoethiopianlowcostodarachasoilusingresponsesurfacemethodology
_version_	1718431850694705152

Multivariate Optimization of Pb<sup>2+</sup> Adsorption onto Ethiopian Low-Cost Odaracha Soil Using Response Surface Methodology

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