The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) form a structurally separate class of GPCRs with an unresolved evolutionary history and classification. Based on phylogenetic relations of human aGPCRs, nine families (A–G, L, V) were distinguished. Taking advantage of available genome data, we determine...

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Autores principales:	Aline Wittlake, Simone Prömel, Torsten Schöneberg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	adhesion GPCR G protein coupled receptor nomenclature phylogeny evolution Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd441c41a1004b2990e9b0111ff90517
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd441c41a1004b2990e9b0111ff905172021-11-11T17:14:52ZThe Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification10.3390/ijms2221118031422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/cd441c41a1004b2990e9b0111ff905172021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11803https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) form a structurally separate class of GPCRs with an unresolved evolutionary history and classification. Based on phylogenetic relations of human aGPCRs, nine families (A–G, L, V) were distinguished. Taking advantage of available genome data, we determined the aGPCR repertoires in all vertebrate classes. Although most aGPCR families show a high numerical stability in vertebrate genomes, the full repertoire of family E, F, and G members appeared only after the fish–tetrapod split. We did not find any evidence for new aGPCR families in vertebrates which are not present in the human genome. Based on ortholog sequence alignments, selection analysis clearly indicated two types of tetrapod aGPCRs: (i) aGPCR under strong purifying selection in tetrapod evolution (families A, B, D, L, V); and (ii) aGPCR with signatures of positive selection in some tetrapod linages (families C, E, G, F). The alignments of aGPCRs also allowed for a revised definition of reference positions within the seven-transmembrane-helix domain (relative position numbering scheme). Based on our phylogenetic cluster analysis, we suggest a revised nomenclature of aGPCRs including their transcript variants. Herein, the former families E and L are combined to one family (L) and GPR128/ADGRG7 forms a separate family (E). Furthermore, our analyses provide valuable information about the (patho)physiological relevance of individual aGPCR members.Aline WittlakeSimone PrömelTorsten SchönebergMDPI AGarticleadhesion GPCRG protein coupled receptornomenclaturephylogenyevolutionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11803, p 11803 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adhesion GPCR G protein coupled receptor nomenclature phylogeny evolution Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	adhesion GPCR G protein coupled receptor nomenclature phylogeny evolution Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Aline Wittlake Simone Prömel Torsten Schöneberg The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification
description	Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) form a structurally separate class of GPCRs with an unresolved evolutionary history and classification. Based on phylogenetic relations of human aGPCRs, nine families (A–G, L, V) were distinguished. Taking advantage of available genome data, we determined the aGPCR repertoires in all vertebrate classes. Although most aGPCR families show a high numerical stability in vertebrate genomes, the full repertoire of family E, F, and G members appeared only after the fish–tetrapod split. We did not find any evidence for new aGPCR families in vertebrates which are not present in the human genome. Based on ortholog sequence alignments, selection analysis clearly indicated two types of tetrapod aGPCRs: (i) aGPCR under strong purifying selection in tetrapod evolution (families A, B, D, L, V); and (ii) aGPCR with signatures of positive selection in some tetrapod linages (families C, E, G, F). The alignments of aGPCRs also allowed for a revised definition of reference positions within the seven-transmembrane-helix domain (relative position numbering scheme). Based on our phylogenetic cluster analysis, we suggest a revised nomenclature of aGPCRs including their transcript variants. Herein, the former families E and L are combined to one family (L) and GPR128/ADGRG7 forms a separate family (E). Furthermore, our analyses provide valuable information about the (patho)physiological relevance of individual aGPCR members.
format	article
author	Aline Wittlake Simone Prömel Torsten Schöneberg
author_facet	Aline Wittlake Simone Prömel Torsten Schöneberg
author_sort	Aline Wittlake
title	The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification
title_short	The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification
title_full	The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification
title_fullStr	The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification
title_full_unstemmed	The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification
title_sort	evolutionary history of vertebrate adhesion gpcrs and its implication on their classification
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd441c41a1004b2990e9b0111ff90517
work_keys_str_mv	AT alinewittlake theevolutionaryhistoryofvertebrateadhesiongpcrsanditsimplicationontheirclassification AT simonepromel theevolutionaryhistoryofvertebrateadhesiongpcrsanditsimplicationontheirclassification AT torstenschoneberg theevolutionaryhistoryofvertebrateadhesiongpcrsanditsimplicationontheirclassification AT alinewittlake evolutionaryhistoryofvertebrateadhesiongpcrsanditsimplicationontheirclassification AT simonepromel evolutionaryhistoryofvertebrateadhesiongpcrsanditsimplicationontheirclassification AT torstenschoneberg evolutionaryhistoryofvertebrateadhesiongpcrsanditsimplicationontheirclassification
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The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Adhesion GPCRs and Its Implication on Their Classification

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