Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue

Multiple finite-element (FE) models to predict the biomechanical responses in the human brain resulting from the interaction with blast waves have established the importance of including the brain-surface convolutions, the major cerebral veins, and using non-linear brain-tissue properties to improve...

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Autores principales:	Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam, Ginu Unnikrishnan, Aravind Sundaramurthy, Jose E. Rubio, Vivek Bhaskar Kote, Jaques Reifman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	blast-induced traumatic brain injury blast overpressure shock tube brain biomechanical responses finite-element model human cerebral vasculature Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd44405aecf14017aadf770b47fa4b91
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd44405aecf14017aadf770b47fa4b912021-11-04T05:02:27ZCerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue2296-418510.3389/fbioe.2021.744808https://doaj.org/article/cd44405aecf14017aadf770b47fa4b912021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.744808/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-4185Multiple finite-element (FE) models to predict the biomechanical responses in the human brain resulting from the interaction with blast waves have established the importance of including the brain-surface convolutions, the major cerebral veins, and using non-linear brain-tissue properties to improve model accuracy. We hypothesize that inclusion of a more detailed network of cerebral veins and arteries can further enhance the model-predicted biomechanical responses and help identify correlates of blast-induced brain injury. To more comprehensively capture the biomechanical responses of human brain tissues to blast-wave exposure, we coupled a three-dimensional (3-D) detailed-vasculature human-head FE model, previously validated for blunt impact, with a 3-D shock-tube FE model. Using the coupled model, we computed the biomechanical responses of a human head facing an incoming blast wave for blast overpressures (BOPs) equivalent to 68, 83, and 104 kPa. We validated our FE model, which includes the detailed network of cerebral veins and arteries, the gyri and the sulci, and hyper-viscoelastic brain-tissue properties, by comparing the model-predicted intracranial pressure (ICP) values with previously collected data from shock-tube experiments performed on cadaver heads. In addition, to quantify the influence of including a more comprehensive network of brain vessels, we compared the biomechanical responses of our detailed-vasculature model with those of a reduced-vasculature model and a no-vasculature model for the same blast-loading conditions. For the three BOPs, the predicted ICP values matched well with the experimental results in the frontal lobe, with peak-pressure differences of 4–11% and phase-shift differences of 9–13%. As expected, incorporating the detailed cerebral vasculature did not influence the ICP, however, it redistributed the peak brain-tissue strains by as much as 30% and yielded peak strain differences of up to 7%. When compared to existing reduced-vasculature FE models that only include the major cerebral veins, our high-fidelity model redistributed the brain-tissue strains in most of the brain, highlighting the importance of including a detailed cerebral vessel network in human-head FE models to more comprehensively account for the biomechanical responses induced by blast exposure.Dhananjay Radhakrishnan SubramaniamDhananjay Radhakrishnan SubramaniamGinu UnnikrishnanGinu UnnikrishnanAravind SundaramurthyAravind SundaramurthyJose E. RubioJose E. RubioVivek Bhaskar KoteVivek Bhaskar KoteJaques ReifmanFrontiers Media S.A.articleblast-induced traumatic brain injuryblast overpressureshock tubebrain biomechanical responsesfinite-element modelhuman cerebral vasculatureBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	blast-induced traumatic brain injury blast overpressure shock tube brain biomechanical responses finite-element model human cerebral vasculature Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	blast-induced traumatic brain injury blast overpressure shock tube brain biomechanical responses finite-element model human cerebral vasculature Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Ginu Unnikrishnan Ginu Unnikrishnan Aravind Sundaramurthy Aravind Sundaramurthy Jose E. Rubio Jose E. Rubio Vivek Bhaskar Kote Vivek Bhaskar Kote Jaques Reifman Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
description	Multiple finite-element (FE) models to predict the biomechanical responses in the human brain resulting from the interaction with blast waves have established the importance of including the brain-surface convolutions, the major cerebral veins, and using non-linear brain-tissue properties to improve model accuracy. We hypothesize that inclusion of a more detailed network of cerebral veins and arteries can further enhance the model-predicted biomechanical responses and help identify correlates of blast-induced brain injury. To more comprehensively capture the biomechanical responses of human brain tissues to blast-wave exposure, we coupled a three-dimensional (3-D) detailed-vasculature human-head FE model, previously validated for blunt impact, with a 3-D shock-tube FE model. Using the coupled model, we computed the biomechanical responses of a human head facing an incoming blast wave for blast overpressures (BOPs) equivalent to 68, 83, and 104 kPa. We validated our FE model, which includes the detailed network of cerebral veins and arteries, the gyri and the sulci, and hyper-viscoelastic brain-tissue properties, by comparing the model-predicted intracranial pressure (ICP) values with previously collected data from shock-tube experiments performed on cadaver heads. In addition, to quantify the influence of including a more comprehensive network of brain vessels, we compared the biomechanical responses of our detailed-vasculature model with those of a reduced-vasculature model and a no-vasculature model for the same blast-loading conditions. For the three BOPs, the predicted ICP values matched well with the experimental results in the frontal lobe, with peak-pressure differences of 4–11% and phase-shift differences of 9–13%. As expected, incorporating the detailed cerebral vasculature did not influence the ICP, however, it redistributed the peak brain-tissue strains by as much as 30% and yielded peak strain differences of up to 7%. When compared to existing reduced-vasculature FE models that only include the major cerebral veins, our high-fidelity model redistributed the brain-tissue strains in most of the brain, highlighting the importance of including a detailed cerebral vessel network in human-head FE models to more comprehensively account for the biomechanical responses induced by blast exposure.
format	article
author	Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Ginu Unnikrishnan Ginu Unnikrishnan Aravind Sundaramurthy Aravind Sundaramurthy Jose E. Rubio Jose E. Rubio Vivek Bhaskar Kote Vivek Bhaskar Kote Jaques Reifman
author_facet	Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Ginu Unnikrishnan Ginu Unnikrishnan Aravind Sundaramurthy Aravind Sundaramurthy Jose E. Rubio Jose E. Rubio Vivek Bhaskar Kote Vivek Bhaskar Kote Jaques Reifman
author_sort	Dhananjay Radhakrishnan Subramaniam
title	Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
title_short	Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
title_full	Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
title_fullStr	Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
title_full_unstemmed	Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
title_sort	cerebral vasculature influences blast-induced biomechanical responses of human brain tissue
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd44405aecf14017aadf770b47fa4b91
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Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue

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