Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities

Direct-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have attracted a lot of attention from industry and academia recently, as promising alternatives for large scale coverage of a massive number of IoT devices. In this work, we considered that a cluster of IoT devices was under the coverage of a c...

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Autores principales:	Felipe Augusto Tondo, Samuel Montejo-Sánchez, Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz, Sandra Céspedes, Richard Demo Souza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	machine-type communications IoT satellite communications Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd51866f8385411d8ff4420c9a88cc44
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd51866f8385411d8ff4420c9a88cc442021-11-11T19:06:44ZDirect-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities10.3390/s212170991424-8220https://doaj.org/article/cd51866f8385411d8ff4420c9a88cc442021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7099https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220Direct-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have attracted a lot of attention from industry and academia recently, as promising alternatives for large scale coverage of a massive number of IoT devices. In this work, we considered that a cluster of IoT devices was under the coverage of a constellation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, while slotted Aloha was used as a medium access control technique. Then, we analyzed the throughput and packet loss rate while considering potentially different erasure probabilities at each of the visible satellites within the constellation. We show that different combinations of erasure probabilities at the LEO satellites and the IoT traffic load can lead to considerable differences in the system’s performance. Next, we introduce an intelligent traffic load distribution (ITLD) strategy, which, by choosing between a non-uniform allocation and the uniform traffic load distribution, guarantees a high overall system throughput, by allocating more appropriate amounts of traffic load at different positions (i.e., different sets of erasure probabilities) of the LEO constellation with respect to the IoT cluster. Finally, the results show that ITLD, a mechanism with low implementation complexity, allows the system to be much more scalable, intelligently exploiting the potential of the different positions of the satellite constellation.Felipe Augusto TondoSamuel Montejo-SánchezMarcelo Eduardo PellenzSandra CéspedesRichard Demo SouzaMDPI AGarticlemachine-type communicationsIoTsatellite communicationsChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7099, p 7099 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	machine-type communications IoT satellite communications Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	machine-type communications IoT satellite communications Chemical technology TP1-1185 Felipe Augusto Tondo Samuel Montejo-Sánchez Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz Sandra Céspedes Richard Demo Souza Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
description	Direct-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have attracted a lot of attention from industry and academia recently, as promising alternatives for large scale coverage of a massive number of IoT devices. In this work, we considered that a cluster of IoT devices was under the coverage of a constellation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, while slotted Aloha was used as a medium access control technique. Then, we analyzed the throughput and packet loss rate while considering potentially different erasure probabilities at each of the visible satellites within the constellation. We show that different combinations of erasure probabilities at the LEO satellites and the IoT traffic load can lead to considerable differences in the system’s performance. Next, we introduce an intelligent traffic load distribution (ITLD) strategy, which, by choosing between a non-uniform allocation and the uniform traffic load distribution, guarantees a high overall system throughput, by allocating more appropriate amounts of traffic load at different positions (i.e., different sets of erasure probabilities) of the LEO constellation with respect to the IoT cluster. Finally, the results show that ITLD, a mechanism with low implementation complexity, allows the system to be much more scalable, intelligently exploiting the potential of the different positions of the satellite constellation.
format	article
author	Felipe Augusto Tondo Samuel Montejo-Sánchez Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz Sandra Céspedes Richard Demo Souza
author_facet	Felipe Augusto Tondo Samuel Montejo-Sánchez Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz Sandra Céspedes Richard Demo Souza
author_sort	Felipe Augusto Tondo
title	Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
title_short	Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
title_full	Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
title_fullStr	Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
title_full_unstemmed	Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
title_sort	direct-to-satellite iot slotted aloha systems with multiple satellites and unequal erasure probabilities
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd51866f8385411d8ff4420c9a88cc44
work_keys_str_mv	AT felipeaugustotondo directtosatelliteiotslottedalohasystemswithmultiplesatellitesandunequalerasureprobabilities AT samuelmontejosanchez directtosatelliteiotslottedalohasystemswithmultiplesatellitesandunequalerasureprobabilities AT marceloeduardopellenz directtosatelliteiotslottedalohasystemswithmultiplesatellitesandunequalerasureprobabilities AT sandracespedes directtosatelliteiotslottedalohasystemswithmultiplesatellitesandunequalerasureprobabilities AT richarddemosouza directtosatelliteiotslottedalohasystemswithmultiplesatellitesandunequalerasureprobabilities
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Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities

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