Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life

Haroldo da Silva Ferreira,1 Antonio Fernando Silva Xavier Junior,2 Monica Lopes Assunção,1 Tainá Cardoso Caminha Uchôa,3 Abel Barbosa Lira-Neto,2 Ricardo Paulino Nakano3 1Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazi...

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Autores principales:	Ferreira HS, Xavier Junior AF, Assunção ML, Uchôa TC, Lira-Neto AB, Nakano RP
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	Anthropometric indices Metabolic risk factors Cardiovascular risk Obesity Dyslipidemia Epidemiological survey. Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd572701f40a4f23b470d7e517194190
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd572701f40a4f23b470d7e5171941902021-12-02T05:49:07ZDevelopmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/cd572701f40a4f23b470d7e5171941902018-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/developmental-origins-of-health-and-disease-a-new-approach-for-the-ide-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Haroldo da Silva Ferreira,1 Antonio Fernando Silva Xavier Junior,2 Monica Lopes Assunção,1 Tainá Cardoso Caminha Uchôa,3 Abel Barbosa Lira-Neto,2 Ricardo Paulino Nakano3 1Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil; 2Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil; 3Post-graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil Background: Undernutrition in early life (UELife) is a condition associated with greater occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood. Some studies on this relationship have used short stature as indicator of UELife. However, other non-nutritional factors can also determine short stature. Depending on the severity of UELife, the human body reacts primarily compromising weight and length gain, but prioritizing brain growth, resulting in disproportionate individuals. Based on this premise, this study aimed to validate a new anthropometric indicator of UELife. Design: Using stature and head circumference data from a probabilistic sample of 3,109 women, the Head-to-Height Index was calculated: HHI = (head × 2.898)/height. A HHI >1.028 (75th percentile) was the best cutoff for predicting obesity (best balance between sensitivity/specificity, largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and highest correlation coefficient) and was used to define the condition of body disproportionality. The strength of associations with several outcomes was tested for both disproportionality and short stature (height ≤25th percentile: 153.1 cm). Results: In adjusted analysis for confounding factors (age, smoking, and education level), the strength of the associations between body disproportionality and the analyzed outcomes was greater than that observed when short stature was used. Respectively, the observed prevalence ratios (95% CI) were (P<0.05 for all comparisons): obesity: 2.61 (2.17–3.15) vs 1.09 (0.92–1.28); abdominal obesity: 2.11 (1.86–2.40) vs 1.42 (1.27– 1.59); high blood pressure: 1.24 (1.02–1.50) vs 0.90 (0.75–1.08); hypercholesterolemia: 2.98 (1.47–6.05) vs 1.65 (0.91–2.99); and hypertriglyceridemia: 1.47 (1.07–2.03) vs 0.91 (0.69–1.21). Conclusion: Body disproportionality is a more accurate indicator of UELife than short stature. While short stature may be genetically determined, a high HHI is due to metabolic adaptations to undernutrition in early life. Keywords: anthropometric indices, metabolic risk factors, cardiovascular risk, obesity, dyslipidemia, epidemiological surveyFerreira HSXavier Junior AFAssunção MLUchôa TCLira-Neto ABNakano RPDove Medical PressarticleAnthropometric indicesMetabolic risk factorsCardiovascular riskObesityDyslipidemiaEpidemiological survey.Specialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 11, Pp 543-551 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Anthropometric indices Metabolic risk factors Cardiovascular risk Obesity Dyslipidemia Epidemiological survey. Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	Anthropometric indices Metabolic risk factors Cardiovascular risk Obesity Dyslipidemia Epidemiological survey. Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Ferreira HS Xavier Junior AF Assunção ML Uchôa TC Lira-Neto AB Nakano RP Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
description	Haroldo da Silva Ferreira,1 Antonio Fernando Silva Xavier Junior,2 Monica Lopes Assunção,1 Tainá Cardoso Caminha Uchôa,3 Abel Barbosa Lira-Neto,2 Ricardo Paulino Nakano3 1Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil; 2Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil; 3Post-graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil Background: Undernutrition in early life (UELife) is a condition associated with greater occurrence of chronic diseases in adulthood. Some studies on this relationship have used short stature as indicator of UELife. However, other non-nutritional factors can also determine short stature. Depending on the severity of UELife, the human body reacts primarily compromising weight and length gain, but prioritizing brain growth, resulting in disproportionate individuals. Based on this premise, this study aimed to validate a new anthropometric indicator of UELife. Design: Using stature and head circumference data from a probabilistic sample of 3,109 women, the Head-to-Height Index was calculated: HHI = (head × 2.898)/height. A HHI >1.028 (75th percentile) was the best cutoff for predicting obesity (best balance between sensitivity/specificity, largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and highest correlation coefficient) and was used to define the condition of body disproportionality. The strength of associations with several outcomes was tested for both disproportionality and short stature (height ≤25th percentile: 153.1 cm). Results: In adjusted analysis for confounding factors (age, smoking, and education level), the strength of the associations between body disproportionality and the analyzed outcomes was greater than that observed when short stature was used. Respectively, the observed prevalence ratios (95% CI) were (P<0.05 for all comparisons): obesity: 2.61 (2.17–3.15) vs 1.09 (0.92–1.28); abdominal obesity: 2.11 (1.86–2.40) vs 1.42 (1.27– 1.59); high blood pressure: 1.24 (1.02–1.50) vs 0.90 (0.75–1.08); hypercholesterolemia: 2.98 (1.47–6.05) vs 1.65 (0.91–2.99); and hypertriglyceridemia: 1.47 (1.07–2.03) vs 0.91 (0.69–1.21). Conclusion: Body disproportionality is a more accurate indicator of UELife than short stature. While short stature may be genetically determined, a high HHI is due to metabolic adaptations to undernutrition in early life. Keywords: anthropometric indices, metabolic risk factors, cardiovascular risk, obesity, dyslipidemia, epidemiological survey
format	article
author	Ferreira HS Xavier Junior AF Assunção ML Uchôa TC Lira-Neto AB Nakano RP
author_facet	Ferreira HS Xavier Junior AF Assunção ML Uchôa TC Lira-Neto AB Nakano RP
author_sort	Ferreira HS
title	Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
title_short	Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
title_full	Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
title_fullStr	Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
title_full_unstemmed	Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
title_sort	developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd572701f40a4f23b470d7e517194190
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Developmental origins of health and disease: a new approach for the identification of adults who suffered undernutrition in early life

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