Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.

Beaked whales are among the most diverse yet least understood groups of marine mammals. A diverse set of mostly anthropogenic threats necessitates improvement in our ability to assess population status for this cryptic group. The Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA) conducted six ship line-tran...

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Autores principales:	Jeffrey E Moore, Jay P Barlow
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cd8f2d1b81884a10a50408237a5f5c3b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cd8f2d1b81884a10a50408237a5f5c3b2021-11-18T08:01:19ZDeclining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0052770https://doaj.org/article/cd8f2d1b81884a10a50408237a5f5c3b2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23341907/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Beaked whales are among the most diverse yet least understood groups of marine mammals. A diverse set of mostly anthropogenic threats necessitates improvement in our ability to assess population status for this cryptic group. The Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA) conducted six ship line-transect cetacean abundance surveys in the California Current off the contiguous western United States between 1991 and 2008. We used a Bayesian hidden-process modeling approach to estimate abundance and population trends of beaked whales using sightings data from these surveys. We also compiled records of beaked whale stranding events (3 genera, at least 8 species) on adjacent beaches from 1900 to 2012, to help assess population status of beaked whales in the northern part of the California Current. Bayesian posterior summaries for trend parameters provide strong evidence of declining beaked whale abundance in the study area. The probability of negative trend for Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) during 1991-2008 was 0.84, with 1991 and 2008 estimates of 10771 (CV = 0.51) and ≈7550 (CV = 0.55), respectively. The probability of decline for Mesoplodon spp. (pooled across species) was 0.96, with 1991 and 2008 estimates of 2206 (CV = 0.46) and 811 (CV = 0.65). The mean posterior estimates for average rate of decline were 2.9% and 7.0% per year. There was no evidence of abundance trend for Baird's beaked whale (Berardius bairdii), for which annual abundance estimates in the survey area ranged from ≈900 to 1300 (CV≈1.3). Stranding data were consistent with the survey results. Causes of apparent declines are unknown. Direct impacts of fisheries (bycatch) can be ruled out, but impacts of anthropogenic sound (e.g., naval active sonar) and ecosystem change are plausible hypotheses that merit investigation.Jeffrey E MooreJay P BarlowPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e52770 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jeffrey E Moore Jay P Barlow Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.
description	Beaked whales are among the most diverse yet least understood groups of marine mammals. A diverse set of mostly anthropogenic threats necessitates improvement in our ability to assess population status for this cryptic group. The Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA) conducted six ship line-transect cetacean abundance surveys in the California Current off the contiguous western United States between 1991 and 2008. We used a Bayesian hidden-process modeling approach to estimate abundance and population trends of beaked whales using sightings data from these surveys. We also compiled records of beaked whale stranding events (3 genera, at least 8 species) on adjacent beaches from 1900 to 2012, to help assess population status of beaked whales in the northern part of the California Current. Bayesian posterior summaries for trend parameters provide strong evidence of declining beaked whale abundance in the study area. The probability of negative trend for Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) during 1991-2008 was 0.84, with 1991 and 2008 estimates of 10771 (CV = 0.51) and ≈7550 (CV = 0.55), respectively. The probability of decline for Mesoplodon spp. (pooled across species) was 0.96, with 1991 and 2008 estimates of 2206 (CV = 0.46) and 811 (CV = 0.65). The mean posterior estimates for average rate of decline were 2.9% and 7.0% per year. There was no evidence of abundance trend for Baird's beaked whale (Berardius bairdii), for which annual abundance estimates in the survey area ranged from ≈900 to 1300 (CV≈1.3). Stranding data were consistent with the survey results. Causes of apparent declines are unknown. Direct impacts of fisheries (bycatch) can be ruled out, but impacts of anthropogenic sound (e.g., naval active sonar) and ecosystem change are plausible hypotheses that merit investigation.
format	article
author	Jeffrey E Moore Jay P Barlow
author_facet	Jeffrey E Moore Jay P Barlow
author_sort	Jeffrey E Moore
title	Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.
title_short	Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.
title_full	Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.
title_fullStr	Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.
title_full_unstemmed	Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.
title_sort	declining abundance of beaked whales (family ziphiidae) in the california current large marine ecosystem.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/cd8f2d1b81884a10a50408237a5f5c3b
work_keys_str_mv	AT jeffreyemoore decliningabundanceofbeakedwhalesfamilyziphiidaeinthecaliforniacurrentlargemarineecosystem AT jaypbarlow decliningabundanceofbeakedwhalesfamilyziphiidaeinthecaliforniacurrentlargemarineecosystem
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Declining abundance of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) in the California Current large marine ecosystem.

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