Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles

Microfluidic techniques allow for the tailored construction of specific microparticles, which are becoming increasingly interesting and relevant. Here, using a microfluidic hole-plate-device and thermal-initiated free radical polymerization, submicrometer polymer particles with a highly textured sur...

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Autores principales:	Klaus-Peter Kronfeld, Raminta Mazetyte-Stasinskiene, Xuejiao Zheng, Johann Michael Köhler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	microfluidic droplet generation free radical polymerization textured surface particle assembling controlled aggregation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cda024bacb7e4bc388bfdd55378b6c38
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cda024bacb7e4bc388bfdd55378b6c382021-11-11T15:24:07ZTextured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles10.3390/app1121104212076-3417https://doaj.org/article/cda024bacb7e4bc388bfdd55378b6c382021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10421https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Microfluidic techniques allow for the tailored construction of specific microparticles, which are becoming increasingly interesting and relevant. Here, using a microfluidic hole-plate-device and thermal-initiated free radical polymerization, submicrometer polymer particles with a highly textured surface were synthesized. Two types of monomers were applied: (1) methylmethacrylate (MMA) combined with crosslinkers and (2) divinylbenzene (DVB). Surface texture and morphology can be influenced by a series of parameters such as the monomer–crosslinker–solvent composition, surfactants, and additives. Generally, the most structured surfaces with the simultaneously most uniform particles were obtained in the DVB–toluene–nonionic-tensides system. In a second approach, poly-MMA (PMMA) particles were used to build aggregates with bigger polymer particles. For this purpose, tripropyleneglycolediacrylate (TPGDA) particles were synthesized in a microfluidic co-flow arrangement and polymerized by light- irradiation. Then, PMMA particles were assembled at their surface. In a third step, these composites were dispersed in an aqueous acrylamide–methylenebisacrylamide solution, which again was run through a co-flow-device and photopolymerized. As such, entities consisting of particles of three different size ranges—typically 0.7/30/600 µm—were obtained. The particles synthesized by both approaches are potentially suitable for loading with or incorporation of analytic probes or catalysts such as dyes or metals.Klaus-Peter KronfeldRaminta Mazetyte-StasinskieneXuejiao ZhengJohann Michael KöhlerMDPI AGarticlemicrofluidic droplet generationfree radical polymerizationtextured surfaceparticle assemblingcontrolled aggregationTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10421, p 10421 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microfluidic droplet generation free radical polymerization textured surface particle assembling controlled aggregation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	microfluidic droplet generation free radical polymerization textured surface particle assembling controlled aggregation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Klaus-Peter Kronfeld Raminta Mazetyte-Stasinskiene Xuejiao Zheng Johann Michael Köhler Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles
description	Microfluidic techniques allow for the tailored construction of specific microparticles, which are becoming increasingly interesting and relevant. Here, using a microfluidic hole-plate-device and thermal-initiated free radical polymerization, submicrometer polymer particles with a highly textured surface were synthesized. Two types of monomers were applied: (1) methylmethacrylate (MMA) combined with crosslinkers and (2) divinylbenzene (DVB). Surface texture and morphology can be influenced by a series of parameters such as the monomer–crosslinker–solvent composition, surfactants, and additives. Generally, the most structured surfaces with the simultaneously most uniform particles were obtained in the DVB–toluene–nonionic-tensides system. In a second approach, poly-MMA (PMMA) particles were used to build aggregates with bigger polymer particles. For this purpose, tripropyleneglycolediacrylate (TPGDA) particles were synthesized in a microfluidic co-flow arrangement and polymerized by light- irradiation. Then, PMMA particles were assembled at their surface. In a third step, these composites were dispersed in an aqueous acrylamide–methylenebisacrylamide solution, which again was run through a co-flow-device and photopolymerized. As such, entities consisting of particles of three different size ranges—typically 0.7/30/600 µm—were obtained. The particles synthesized by both approaches are potentially suitable for loading with or incorporation of analytic probes or catalysts such as dyes or metals.
format	article
author	Klaus-Peter Kronfeld Raminta Mazetyte-Stasinskiene Xuejiao Zheng Johann Michael Köhler
author_facet	Klaus-Peter Kronfeld Raminta Mazetyte-Stasinskiene Xuejiao Zheng Johann Michael Köhler
author_sort	Klaus-Peter Kronfeld
title	Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles
title_short	Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles
title_full	Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles
title_fullStr	Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed	Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles
title_sort	textured and hierarchically constructed polymer micro- and nanoparticles
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cda024bacb7e4bc388bfdd55378b6c38
work_keys_str_mv	AT klauspeterkronfeld texturedandhierarchicallyconstructedpolymermicroandnanoparticles AT ramintamazetytestasinskiene texturedandhierarchicallyconstructedpolymermicroandnanoparticles AT xuejiaozheng texturedandhierarchicallyconstructedpolymermicroandnanoparticles AT johannmichaelkohler texturedandhierarchicallyconstructedpolymermicroandnanoparticles
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Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles

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