Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.

<h4>Background</h4>Caviidae is a diverse group of caviomorph rodents that is broadly distributed in South America and is divided into three highly divergent extant lineages: Caviinae (cavies), Dolichotinae (maras), and Hydrochoerinae (capybaras). The fossil record of Caviidae is only abu...

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Autores principales:	María Encarnación Pérez, Diego Pol
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cdba7834faae467f8ba210829d8fe491
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cdba7834faae467f8ba210829d8fe4912021-11-18T08:10:43ZMajor radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0048380https://doaj.org/article/cdba7834faae467f8ba210829d8fe4912012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23144757/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Caviidae is a diverse group of caviomorph rodents that is broadly distributed in South America and is divided into three highly divergent extant lineages: Caviinae (cavies), Dolichotinae (maras), and Hydrochoerinae (capybaras). The fossil record of Caviidae is only abundant and diverse since the late Miocene. Caviids belongs to Cavioidea sensu stricto (Cavioidea s.s.) that also includes a diverse assemblage of extinct taxa recorded from the late Oligocene to the middle Miocene of South America ("eocardiids").<h4>Results</h4>A phylogenetic analysis combining morphological and molecular data is presented here, evaluating the time of diversification of selected nodes based on the calibration of phylogenetic trees with fossil taxa and the use of relaxed molecular clocks. This analysis reveals three major phases of diversification in the evolutionary history of Cavioidea s.s. The first two phases involve two successive radiations of extinct lineages that occurred during the late Oligocene and the early Miocene. The third phase consists of the diversification of Caviidae. The initial split of caviids is dated as middle Miocene by the fossil record. This date falls within the 95% higher probability distribution estimated by the relaxed Bayesian molecular clock, although the mean age estimate ages are 3.5 to 7 Myr older. The initial split of caviids is followed by an obscure period of poor fossil record (referred here as the Mayoan gap) and then by the appearance of highly differentiated modern lineages of caviids, which evidentially occurred at the late Miocene as indicated by both the fossil record and molecular clock estimates.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The integrated approach used here allowed us identifying the agreements and discrepancies of the fossil record and molecular clock estimates on the timing of the major events in cavioid evolution, revealing evolutionary patterns that would not have been possible to gather using only molecular or paleontological data alone.María Encarnación PérezDiego PolPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e48380 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q María Encarnación Pérez Diego Pol Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Caviidae is a diverse group of caviomorph rodents that is broadly distributed in South America and is divided into three highly divergent extant lineages: Caviinae (cavies), Dolichotinae (maras), and Hydrochoerinae (capybaras). The fossil record of Caviidae is only abundant and diverse since the late Miocene. Caviids belongs to Cavioidea sensu stricto (Cavioidea s.s.) that also includes a diverse assemblage of extinct taxa recorded from the late Oligocene to the middle Miocene of South America ("eocardiids").<h4>Results</h4>A phylogenetic analysis combining morphological and molecular data is presented here, evaluating the time of diversification of selected nodes based on the calibration of phylogenetic trees with fossil taxa and the use of relaxed molecular clocks. This analysis reveals three major phases of diversification in the evolutionary history of Cavioidea s.s. The first two phases involve two successive radiations of extinct lineages that occurred during the late Oligocene and the early Miocene. The third phase consists of the diversification of Caviidae. The initial split of caviids is dated as middle Miocene by the fossil record. This date falls within the 95% higher probability distribution estimated by the relaxed Bayesian molecular clock, although the mean age estimate ages are 3.5 to 7 Myr older. The initial split of caviids is followed by an obscure period of poor fossil record (referred here as the Mayoan gap) and then by the appearance of highly differentiated modern lineages of caviids, which evidentially occurred at the late Miocene as indicated by both the fossil record and molecular clock estimates.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The integrated approach used here allowed us identifying the agreements and discrepancies of the fossil record and molecular clock estimates on the timing of the major events in cavioid evolution, revealing evolutionary patterns that would not have been possible to gather using only molecular or paleontological data alone.
format	article
author	María Encarnación Pérez Diego Pol
author_facet	María Encarnación Pérez Diego Pol
author_sort	María Encarnación Pérez
title	Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
title_short	Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
title_full	Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
title_fullStr	Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
title_full_unstemmed	Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
title_sort	major radiations in the evolution of caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/cdba7834faae467f8ba210829d8fe491
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariaencarnacionperez majorradiationsintheevolutionofcaviidrodentsreconcilingfossilsghostlineagesandrelaxedmolecularclocks AT diegopol majorradiationsintheevolutionofcaviidrodentsreconcilingfossilsghostlineagesandrelaxedmolecularclocks
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Major radiations in the evolution of Caviid rodents: reconciling fossils, ghost lineages, and relaxed molecular clocks.

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