Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet

The poor indoor air quality (IAQ) of severely polluted toilets is associated with increased risk of severe disease. This study aimed to evaluate the overall IAQ according to the contaminant removal efficiency, volume average concentration, and breathing zone control level. The characteristics of con...

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Autores principales:	Zhonghua Zhang, Lingjie Zeng, Huixian Shi, Gukun Yang, Zhenjiang Yu, Wenjun Yin, Jun Gao, Lina Wang, Yalei Zhang, Xuefei Zhou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	non-flushing ecological toilet indoor air quality orthogonal experiment contaminant removal efficiency breathing zone control level Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cdc732426a9446aa9669397e0b20b4ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cdc732426a9446aa9669397e0b20b4ea2021-11-25T17:26:49ZDynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet10.3390/en142275701996-1073https://doaj.org/article/cdc732426a9446aa9669397e0b20b4ea2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7570https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073The poor indoor air quality (IAQ) of severely polluted toilets is associated with increased risk of severe disease. This study aimed to evaluate the overall IAQ according to the contaminant removal efficiency, volume average concentration, and breathing zone control level. The characteristics of contaminant transmission in a non-flushing ecological toilet (NFET) were analyzed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology, and the proposed model was further validated based on experimental measurements. Both an orthogonal experimental design and CFD were used to analyze factors such as exhaust fan position (EFP), air change rate per hour (ACH), natural vent location (NVL), and grid height (G-h). The EFP and ACH were demonstrated to be the dominant factors affecting the IAQ, whereas NVL and G-h were found to play key roles. Single-factor analysis based on the significance levels of the ACH, EFP, and NVL was conducted using the CFD methodology to define three exhaust behaviors—namely, “ineffective”, “enhanced”, and “excessive”. These results provide key insights that may be used to improve the IAQ of NFETs.Zhonghua ZhangLingjie ZengHuixian ShiGukun YangZhenjiang YuWenjun YinJun GaoLina WangYalei ZhangXuefei ZhouMDPI AGarticlenon-flushing ecological toiletindoor air qualityorthogonal experimentcontaminant removal efficiencybreathing zone control levelTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7570, p 7570 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	non-flushing ecological toilet indoor air quality orthogonal experiment contaminant removal efficiency breathing zone control level Technology T
spellingShingle	non-flushing ecological toilet indoor air quality orthogonal experiment contaminant removal efficiency breathing zone control level Technology T Zhonghua Zhang Lingjie Zeng Huixian Shi Gukun Yang Zhenjiang Yu Wenjun Yin Jun Gao Lina Wang Yalei Zhang Xuefei Zhou Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet
description	The poor indoor air quality (IAQ) of severely polluted toilets is associated with increased risk of severe disease. This study aimed to evaluate the overall IAQ according to the contaminant removal efficiency, volume average concentration, and breathing zone control level. The characteristics of contaminant transmission in a non-flushing ecological toilet (NFET) were analyzed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology, and the proposed model was further validated based on experimental measurements. Both an orthogonal experimental design and CFD were used to analyze factors such as exhaust fan position (EFP), air change rate per hour (ACH), natural vent location (NVL), and grid height (G-h). The EFP and ACH were demonstrated to be the dominant factors affecting the IAQ, whereas NVL and G-h were found to play key roles. Single-factor analysis based on the significance levels of the ACH, EFP, and NVL was conducted using the CFD methodology to define three exhaust behaviors—namely, “ineffective”, “enhanced”, and “excessive”. These results provide key insights that may be used to improve the IAQ of NFETs.
format	article
author	Zhonghua Zhang Lingjie Zeng Huixian Shi Gukun Yang Zhenjiang Yu Wenjun Yin Jun Gao Lina Wang Yalei Zhang Xuefei Zhou
author_facet	Zhonghua Zhang Lingjie Zeng Huixian Shi Gukun Yang Zhenjiang Yu Wenjun Yin Jun Gao Lina Wang Yalei Zhang Xuefei Zhou
author_sort	Zhonghua Zhang
title	Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet
title_short	Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet
title_full	Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet
title_fullStr	Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet
title_full_unstemmed	Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet
title_sort	dynamics and numerical simulation of contaminant diffusion for a non-flushing ecological toilet
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cdc732426a9446aa9669397e0b20b4ea
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Dynamics and Numerical Simulation of Contaminant Diffusion for a Non-Flushing Ecological Toilet

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