RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor

This paper presents a high-efficiency compact (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.016\lambda _{0}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) textile-integrated energy harvesting and storage module for RF power transfer. A flexible 50 <inline-formula> <t...

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Autores principales:	Mahmoud Wagih, Nicholas Hillier, Sheng Yong, Alex S. Weddell, Steve Beeby
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IEEE 2021
Materias:	Antennas energy harvesting flexible printed circuits impedance matching microstrip antennas rectennas Telecommunication TK5101-6720
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce108313dbc64d5abdcfc55f16162858
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce108313dbc64d5abdcfc55f161628582021-11-24T00:03:32ZRF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor2637-643110.1109/OJAP.2021.3059501https://doaj.org/article/ce108313dbc64d5abdcfc55f161628582021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9354848/https://doaj.org/toc/2637-6431This paper presents a high-efficiency compact (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.016\lambda _{0}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) textile-integrated energy harvesting and storage module for RF power transfer. A flexible 50 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-thick coplanar waveguide rectenna filament is integrated with a spray-coated supercapacitor to realize an “e-textile” energy supply module. The meandered antenna maintains an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11}< -6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB inside and outside the fabric and in human proximity with a 2.3 dBi gain. The rectifier achieves a peak RF-DC efficiency of 80%, across a 4.5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{k}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> load, and a 1.8 V open-circuit voltage from −7 dBm. The supercapacitor is directly spray-coated on a cotton substrate using carbon and an aqueous electrolyte. When connected to the supercapacitor, the rectifier achieves over an octave half-power bandwidth. The textile-integrated rectenna is demonstrated charging the supercapacitor to 1.5 V (8.4 mJ) in 4 minutes, at 4.2 m from a license-free source, demonstrating a significant improvement over previous rectennas while eliminating power management circuitry. The integrated module has an end-to-end efficiency of 38% at 1.8 m from the transmitter. On-body, the rectenna’s efficiency is 4.8%, inclusive of in-body losses and transient shadowing, harvesting 4 mJ in 32 seconds from 16.6 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm<sup>2</sup>. It is concluded that e-textile rectennas are the most efficient method for powering wearables from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm<sup>2</sup> power densities.Mahmoud WagihNicholas HillierSheng YongAlex S. WeddellSteve BeebyIEEEarticleAntennasenergy harvestingflexible printed circuitsimpedance matchingmicrostrip antennasrectennasTelecommunicationTK5101-6720ENIEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol 2, Pp 302-314 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Antennas energy harvesting flexible printed circuits impedance matching microstrip antennas rectennas Telecommunication TK5101-6720
spellingShingle	Antennas energy harvesting flexible printed circuits impedance matching microstrip antennas rectennas Telecommunication TK5101-6720 Mahmoud Wagih Nicholas Hillier Sheng Yong Alex S. Weddell Steve Beeby RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor
description	This paper presents a high-efficiency compact (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.016\lambda _{0}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) textile-integrated energy harvesting and storage module for RF power transfer. A flexible 50 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-thick coplanar waveguide rectenna filament is integrated with a spray-coated supercapacitor to realize an “e-textile” energy supply module. The meandered antenna maintains an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11}< -6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB inside and outside the fabric and in human proximity with a 2.3 dBi gain. The rectifier achieves a peak RF-DC efficiency of 80%, across a 4.5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{k}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> load, and a 1.8 V open-circuit voltage from −7 dBm. The supercapacitor is directly spray-coated on a cotton substrate using carbon and an aqueous electrolyte. When connected to the supercapacitor, the rectifier achieves over an octave half-power bandwidth. The textile-integrated rectenna is demonstrated charging the supercapacitor to 1.5 V (8.4 mJ) in 4 minutes, at 4.2 m from a license-free source, demonstrating a significant improvement over previous rectennas while eliminating power management circuitry. The integrated module has an end-to-end efficiency of 38% at 1.8 m from the transmitter. On-body, the rectenna’s efficiency is 4.8%, inclusive of in-body losses and transient shadowing, harvesting 4 mJ in 32 seconds from 16.6 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm<sup>2</sup>. It is concluded that e-textile rectennas are the most efficient method for powering wearables from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm<sup>2</sup> power densities.
format	article
author	Mahmoud Wagih Nicholas Hillier Sheng Yong Alex S. Weddell Steve Beeby
author_facet	Mahmoud Wagih Nicholas Hillier Sheng Yong Alex S. Weddell Steve Beeby
author_sort	Mahmoud Wagih
title	RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor
title_short	RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor
title_full	RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor
title_fullStr	RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor
title_full_unstemmed	RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor
title_sort	rf-powered wearable energy harvesting and storage module based on e-textile coplanar waveguide rectenna and supercapacitor
publisher	IEEE
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce108313dbc64d5abdcfc55f16162858
work_keys_str_mv	AT mahmoudwagih rfpoweredwearableenergyharvestingandstoragemodulebasedonetextilecoplanarwaveguiderectennaandsupercapacitor AT nicholashillier rfpoweredwearableenergyharvestingandstoragemodulebasedonetextilecoplanarwaveguiderectennaandsupercapacitor AT shengyong rfpoweredwearableenergyharvestingandstoragemodulebasedonetextilecoplanarwaveguiderectennaandsupercapacitor AT alexsweddell rfpoweredwearableenergyharvestingandstoragemodulebasedonetextilecoplanarwaveguiderectennaandsupercapacitor AT stevebeeby rfpoweredwearableenergyharvestingandstoragemodulebasedonetextilecoplanarwaveguiderectennaandsupercapacitor
_version_	1718416121603817472

RF-Powered Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Module Based on E-Textile Coplanar Waveguide Rectenna and Supercapacitor

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