Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Low concentrations of environmental contaminants can be difficult to detect with current analytical tools, yet they may pose a risk to human and environmental health. The development of bioanalytical tools can help to quantify toxic potencies of biologically active compounds even of hydrophilic cont...

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Autores principales:	Antoine Karengera, Cong Bao, Joost A.G. Riksen, H. Pieter J. van Veelen, Mark G. Sterken, Jan E. Kammenga, Albertinka J. Murk, Inez J.T. Dinkla
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Caenorhabditis elegans Genotoxicants Bioanalytical tool Gene expression Hydrophilic Nematode Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce274979273c4dc7a6cb7fdc458be96a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce274979273c4dc7a6cb7fdc458be96a2021-11-06T04:17:34ZDevelopment of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans0147-651310.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112923https://doaj.org/article/ce274979273c4dc7a6cb7fdc458be96a2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321010356https://doaj.org/toc/0147-6513Low concentrations of environmental contaminants can be difficult to detect with current analytical tools, yet they may pose a risk to human and environmental health. The development of bioanalytical tools can help to quantify toxic potencies of biologically active compounds even of hydrophilic contaminants that are hard to extract from water samples. In this study, we exposed the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans synchronized in larval stage L4 to hydrophilic compounds via the water phase and analyzed the effect on gene transcription abundance. The nematodes were exposed to three direct-acting genotoxicants (1 mM and 5 mM): N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), formaldehyde (HCHO), and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Genome-wide gene expression analysis using microarrays revealed significantly altered transcription levels of 495 genes for HCHO, 285 genes for ENU, and 569 genes for MMS in a concentration-dependent manner. A relatively high number of differentially expressed genes was downregulated, suggesting a general stress in nematodes treated with toxicants. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis demonstrated that the upregulated genes were primarily associated with metabolism, xenobiotic detoxification, proteotoxic stress, and innate immune response. Interestingly, genes downregulated by MMS were linked to the inhibition of neurotransmission, and this is in accordance with the observed decreased locomotion in MMS-exposed nematodes. Unexpectedly, the expression level of DNA damage response genes such as cell-cycle checkpoints or DNA-repair proteins were not altered. Overall, the current study shows that gene expression profiling of nematodes can be used to identify the potential mechanisms underlying the toxicity of chemical compounds. C. elegans is a promising test organism to further develop into a bioanalytical tool for quantification of the toxic potency of a wide array of hydrophilic contaminants.Antoine KarengeraCong BaoJoost A.G. RiksenH. Pieter J. van VeelenMark G. SterkenJan E. KammengaAlbertinka J. MurkInez J.T. DinklaElsevierarticleCaenorhabditis elegansGenotoxicantsBioanalytical toolGene expressionHydrophilicNematodeEnvironmental pollutionTD172-193.5Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 227, Iss , Pp 112923- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Caenorhabditis elegans Genotoxicants Bioanalytical tool Gene expression Hydrophilic Nematode Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Caenorhabditis elegans Genotoxicants Bioanalytical tool Gene expression Hydrophilic Nematode Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Antoine Karengera Cong Bao Joost A.G. Riksen H. Pieter J. van Veelen Mark G. Sterken Jan E. Kammenga Albertinka J. Murk Inez J.T. Dinkla Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
description	Low concentrations of environmental contaminants can be difficult to detect with current analytical tools, yet they may pose a risk to human and environmental health. The development of bioanalytical tools can help to quantify toxic potencies of biologically active compounds even of hydrophilic contaminants that are hard to extract from water samples. In this study, we exposed the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans synchronized in larval stage L4 to hydrophilic compounds via the water phase and analyzed the effect on gene transcription abundance. The nematodes were exposed to three direct-acting genotoxicants (1 mM and 5 mM): N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), formaldehyde (HCHO), and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Genome-wide gene expression analysis using microarrays revealed significantly altered transcription levels of 495 genes for HCHO, 285 genes for ENU, and 569 genes for MMS in a concentration-dependent manner. A relatively high number of differentially expressed genes was downregulated, suggesting a general stress in nematodes treated with toxicants. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis demonstrated that the upregulated genes were primarily associated with metabolism, xenobiotic detoxification, proteotoxic stress, and innate immune response. Interestingly, genes downregulated by MMS were linked to the inhibition of neurotransmission, and this is in accordance with the observed decreased locomotion in MMS-exposed nematodes. Unexpectedly, the expression level of DNA damage response genes such as cell-cycle checkpoints or DNA-repair proteins were not altered. Overall, the current study shows that gene expression profiling of nematodes can be used to identify the potential mechanisms underlying the toxicity of chemical compounds. C. elegans is a promising test organism to further develop into a bioanalytical tool for quantification of the toxic potency of a wide array of hydrophilic contaminants.
format	article
author	Antoine Karengera Cong Bao Joost A.G. Riksen H. Pieter J. van Veelen Mark G. Sterken Jan E. Kammenga Albertinka J. Murk Inez J.T. Dinkla
author_facet	Antoine Karengera Cong Bao Joost A.G. Riksen H. Pieter J. van Veelen Mark G. Sterken Jan E. Kammenga Albertinka J. Murk Inez J.T. Dinkla
author_sort	Antoine Karengera
title	Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
title_short	Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
title_full	Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
title_fullStr	Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
title_full_unstemmed	Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
title_sort	development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode caenorhabditis elegans
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce274979273c4dc7a6cb7fdc458be96a
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Development of a transcription-based bioanalytical tool to quantify the toxic potencies of hydrophilic compounds in water using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

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