Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged at the end of 2019 in China and affected the entire world population, either by infection and its health consequences, or by restrictions in daily life as a conse...

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Autores principales:	Francesco Robert Burkert, Lukas Lanser, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Günter Weiss
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 pandemic SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology hyperinflammation PCR testing Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce2dd6b47de44583afd29cf724b25fdb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce2dd6b47de44583afd29cf724b25fdb2021-11-11T06:03:05ZCoronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.761887https://doaj.org/article/ce2dd6b47de44583afd29cf724b25fdb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.761887/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged at the end of 2019 in China and affected the entire world population, either by infection and its health consequences, or by restrictions in daily life as a consequence of hygiene measures and containment strategies. As of September 2021, more than 231,000.000 infections and 4,740.000 deaths due to COVID-19 have been reported. The infections present with varied clinical symptoms and severity, ranging from asymptomatic course to fatal outcome. Several risk factors for a severe course of the disease have been identified, the most important being age, gender, comorbidities, lifestyle, and genetics. While most patients recover within several weeks, some report persistent symptoms restricting their daily lives and activities, termed as post-COVID. Over the past 18months, we have acquired significant knowledge as reflected by an almost uncountable number of publications on the nature of the underlying virus and its evolution, host responses to infection, modes of transmission, and different clinical presentations of the disease. Along this line, new diagnostic tests and algorithms have been developed paralleled by the search for and clinical evaluation of specific treatments for the different stages of the disease. In addition, preventive non-pharmacological measures have been implemented to control the spread of infection in the community. While an effective antiviral therapy is not yet available, numerous vaccines including novel vaccine technologies have been developed, which show high protection from infection and specifically from a severe course or death from COVID-19. In this review, we tried to provide an up-to-date schematic of COVID-19, including aspects of epidemiology, virology, clinical presentation, diagnostics, therapy, and prevention.Francesco Robert BurkertLukas LanserRosa Bellmann-WeilerGünter WeissFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19pandemicSARS-CoV-2epidemiologyhyperinflammationPCR testingMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 pandemic SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology hyperinflammation PCR testing Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	COVID-19 pandemic SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology hyperinflammation PCR testing Microbiology QR1-502 Francesco Robert Burkert Lukas Lanser Rosa Bellmann-Weiler Günter Weiss Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention
description	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged at the end of 2019 in China and affected the entire world population, either by infection and its health consequences, or by restrictions in daily life as a consequence of hygiene measures and containment strategies. As of September 2021, more than 231,000.000 infections and 4,740.000 deaths due to COVID-19 have been reported. The infections present with varied clinical symptoms and severity, ranging from asymptomatic course to fatal outcome. Several risk factors for a severe course of the disease have been identified, the most important being age, gender, comorbidities, lifestyle, and genetics. While most patients recover within several weeks, some report persistent symptoms restricting their daily lives and activities, termed as post-COVID. Over the past 18months, we have acquired significant knowledge as reflected by an almost uncountable number of publications on the nature of the underlying virus and its evolution, host responses to infection, modes of transmission, and different clinical presentations of the disease. Along this line, new diagnostic tests and algorithms have been developed paralleled by the search for and clinical evaluation of specific treatments for the different stages of the disease. In addition, preventive non-pharmacological measures have been implemented to control the spread of infection in the community. While an effective antiviral therapy is not yet available, numerous vaccines including novel vaccine technologies have been developed, which show high protection from infection and specifically from a severe course or death from COVID-19. In this review, we tried to provide an up-to-date schematic of COVID-19, including aspects of epidemiology, virology, clinical presentation, diagnostics, therapy, and prevention.
format	article
author	Francesco Robert Burkert Lukas Lanser Rosa Bellmann-Weiler Günter Weiss
author_facet	Francesco Robert Burkert Lukas Lanser Rosa Bellmann-Weiler Günter Weiss
author_sort	Francesco Robert Burkert
title	Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention
title_short	Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention
title_full	Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention
title_fullStr	Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention
title_full_unstemmed	Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention
title_sort	coronavirus disease 2019: clinics, treatment, and prevention
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce2dd6b47de44583afd29cf724b25fdb
work_keys_str_mv	AT francescorobertburkert coronavirusdisease2019clinicstreatmentandprevention AT lukaslanser coronavirusdisease2019clinicstreatmentandprevention AT rosabellmannweiler coronavirusdisease2019clinicstreatmentandprevention AT gunterweiss coronavirusdisease2019clinicstreatmentandprevention
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Coronavirus Disease 2019: Clinics, Treatment, and Prevention

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