Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data

Background: Preventing suicide among adolescents is an urgent global public-health challenge, especially in Africa. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the early initiation (< 12 years old) of substance use (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use)...

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Autores principales:	Lian Li, Yuanzhi Zhao, Meijun Shi, Yucheng Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	attempted suicide early initiation of substance use adolescents Africa LMICs Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce493df51345492d941f613c2004d092
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce493df51345492d941f613c2004d0922021-11-11T04:42:55ZRelationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data1664-107810.3389/fpsyg.2021.753824https://doaj.org/article/ce493df51345492d941f613c2004d0922021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.753824/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078Background: Preventing suicide among adolescents is an urgent global public-health challenge, especially in Africa. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the early initiation (< 12 years old) of substance use (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use) and attempted suicide among in-school adolescents in seven African countries.Methods: Data on the early initiation of substance use and on attempted suicide among in-school adolescents over the previous 12 months in Benin, Liberia, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, and the United Republic of Tanzania were collected from Global School-based Student Health Surveys and were pooled to determine the overall prevalence of these behaviors in adolescents. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were then performed to evaluate country-specific associations between the early initiation of substance use and attempted suicide in these adolescents, followed by meta-analyses to evaluate overall pooled associations.Results: In the abovementioned seven African low- or middle-income countries (LMICs), overall weighted prevalences of attempted suicide and early initiation of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use among in-school adolescents were 16.05, 7.76, 17.68, and 3.48%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that relative to non-smoking, the early initiation of smoking was significantly associated with attempted suicide in these adolescents [OR (95% CI) = 1.783 (1.219–2.348)]. Additionally, the relationship between early initiation of cigarette smoking and attempted suicide is mostly driven by a higher association in girls [OR (95% CI) = 1.867 (1.031–2.703)] than boys [OR (95% CI) = 1.392 (0.995−1.789)]. Moreover, relative to not using other drugs, the early and later initiation of other drug use were also significantly associated with attempted suicide in these adolescents [ORs (95% CIs) = 2.455 (1.701–3.208) and 1.548 (1.198–1.898)].Conclusion: Programs that can eliminate or decrease the early initiation of substance use among adolescents should be implemented in African LMICs to prevent subsequent suicide attempts, especially among adolescent girls.Lian LiYuanzhi ZhaoMeijun ShiYucheng WangFrontiers Media S.A.articleattempted suicideearly initiation of substance useadolescentsAfricaLMICsPsychologyBF1-990ENFrontiers in Psychology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	attempted suicide early initiation of substance use adolescents Africa LMICs Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	attempted suicide early initiation of substance use adolescents Africa LMICs Psychology BF1-990 Lian Li Yuanzhi Zhao Meijun Shi Yucheng Wang Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data
description	Background: Preventing suicide among adolescents is an urgent global public-health challenge, especially in Africa. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the early initiation (< 12 years old) of substance use (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use) and attempted suicide among in-school adolescents in seven African countries.Methods: Data on the early initiation of substance use and on attempted suicide among in-school adolescents over the previous 12 months in Benin, Liberia, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, and the United Republic of Tanzania were collected from Global School-based Student Health Surveys and were pooled to determine the overall prevalence of these behaviors in adolescents. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were then performed to evaluate country-specific associations between the early initiation of substance use and attempted suicide in these adolescents, followed by meta-analyses to evaluate overall pooled associations.Results: In the abovementioned seven African low- or middle-income countries (LMICs), overall weighted prevalences of attempted suicide and early initiation of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use among in-school adolescents were 16.05, 7.76, 17.68, and 3.48%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that relative to non-smoking, the early initiation of smoking was significantly associated with attempted suicide in these adolescents [OR (95% CI) = 1.783 (1.219–2.348)]. Additionally, the relationship between early initiation of cigarette smoking and attempted suicide is mostly driven by a higher association in girls [OR (95% CI) = 1.867 (1.031–2.703)] than boys [OR (95% CI) = 1.392 (0.995−1.789)]. Moreover, relative to not using other drugs, the early and later initiation of other drug use were also significantly associated with attempted suicide in these adolescents [ORs (95% CIs) = 2.455 (1.701–3.208) and 1.548 (1.198–1.898)].Conclusion: Programs that can eliminate or decrease the early initiation of substance use among adolescents should be implemented in African LMICs to prevent subsequent suicide attempts, especially among adolescent girls.
format	article
author	Lian Li Yuanzhi Zhao Meijun Shi Yucheng Wang
author_facet	Lian Li Yuanzhi Zhao Meijun Shi Yucheng Wang
author_sort	Lian Li
title	Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data
title_short	Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data
title_full	Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data
title_fullStr	Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data
title_full_unstemmed	Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data
title_sort	relationship between the early initiation of substance use and attempted suicide among in-school adolescents in seven low- or middle-income african countries: an analysis of the global school-based student health survey data
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce493df51345492d941f613c2004d092
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Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data

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