Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics

Leslie Citrome,1 Stuart H Isaacson,2 Danielle Larson,3 Daniel Kremens4 1New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; 2Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center of Boca Raton, Boca Raton, FL, USA; 3Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of M...

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Autores principales:	Citrome L, Isaacson SH, Larson D, Kremens D
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	tardive dyskinesia antipsychotic medications age Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce5b163a59dd455784d04d51e0066604
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce5b163a59dd455784d04d51e00666042021-12-02T19:25:48ZTardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/ce5b163a59dd455784d04d51e00666042021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/tardive-dyskinesia-in-older-persons-taking-antipsychotics-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Leslie Citrome,1 Stuart H Isaacson,2 Danielle Larson,3 Daniel Kremens4 1New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; 2Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center of Boca Raton, Boca Raton, FL, USA; 3Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 4Department of Neurology, Jefferson Comprehensive Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USACorrespondence: Leslie CitromeNew York Medical College, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USATel +1 845 362-2081Email citrome@cnsconsultant.comAbstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder caused by the use of dopamine receptor-blocking agents (DRBAs), a category of medications that includes first- and second-generation antipsychotics (APs) and agents such as metoclopramide that are used for the treatment of nausea and gastrointestinal dysmotility. While TD can affect people of all ages, older age is associated with increased risk of TD and also with the emergence of TD occurring after shorter treatment durations and lower dosages of DRBAs. TD is characterized by involuntary movements that include the face, limbs, and trunk, and is associated with increased comorbidities, social stigmatization, and impaired physical and mental health. Once present, TD tends to persist despite AP dose adjustment or discontinuation. Even with the use of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications for TD, symptoms may persist. Because the leading hypothesis for the pathophysiology of TD has been dysregulation of dopamine transmission due to treatment with DRBAs, APs that avoid postsynaptic dopamine receptor blockade may provide an alternative therapeutic approach for patients who require an AP. In this review, we discuss the risks, burdens, prevention, and management of TD, with a focus on older people.Keywords: tardive dyskinesia, antipsychotic medications, ageCitrome LIsaacson SHLarson DKremens DDove Medical Pressarticletardive dyskinesiaantipsychotic medicationsageNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 17, Pp 3127-3134 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tardive dyskinesia antipsychotic medications age Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	tardive dyskinesia antipsychotic medications age Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Citrome L Isaacson SH Larson D Kremens D Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics
description	Leslie Citrome,1 Stuart H Isaacson,2 Danielle Larson,3 Daniel Kremens4 1New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; 2Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center of Boca Raton, Boca Raton, FL, USA; 3Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; 4Department of Neurology, Jefferson Comprehensive Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USACorrespondence: Leslie CitromeNew York Medical College, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USATel +1 845 362-2081Email citrome@cnsconsultant.comAbstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder caused by the use of dopamine receptor-blocking agents (DRBAs), a category of medications that includes first- and second-generation antipsychotics (APs) and agents such as metoclopramide that are used for the treatment of nausea and gastrointestinal dysmotility. While TD can affect people of all ages, older age is associated with increased risk of TD and also with the emergence of TD occurring after shorter treatment durations and lower dosages of DRBAs. TD is characterized by involuntary movements that include the face, limbs, and trunk, and is associated with increased comorbidities, social stigmatization, and impaired physical and mental health. Once present, TD tends to persist despite AP dose adjustment or discontinuation. Even with the use of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications for TD, symptoms may persist. Because the leading hypothesis for the pathophysiology of TD has been dysregulation of dopamine transmission due to treatment with DRBAs, APs that avoid postsynaptic dopamine receptor blockade may provide an alternative therapeutic approach for patients who require an AP. In this review, we discuss the risks, burdens, prevention, and management of TD, with a focus on older people.Keywords: tardive dyskinesia, antipsychotic medications, age
format	article
author	Citrome L Isaacson SH Larson D Kremens D
author_facet	Citrome L Isaacson SH Larson D Kremens D
author_sort	Citrome L
title	Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics
title_short	Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics
title_full	Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics
title_fullStr	Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics
title_full_unstemmed	Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics
title_sort	tardive dyskinesia in older persons taking antipsychotics
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce5b163a59dd455784d04d51e0066604
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Tardive Dyskinesia in Older Persons Taking Antipsychotics

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