Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown

Introduction: The South African government enforced various alcohol sale restrictions during the COVID-19 lockdown in order to reduce hospital admissions related to alcohol-associated injuries. A cross-sectional study was performed to describe the temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale...

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Autores principales:	Daniel J. van Hoving, Candice van Koningsbruggen, Martin de Man, Clint Hendrikse
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Alcohol Injuries Trauma COVID-19 Restrictions Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce5dae7aefa94cef953f9aa88d61d2fe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce5dae7aefa94cef953f9aa88d61d2fe2021-11-12T04:31:53ZTemporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown2211-419X10.1016/j.afjem.2021.08.001https://doaj.org/article/ce5dae7aefa94cef953f9aa88d61d2fe2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211419X21000586https://doaj.org/toc/2211-419XIntroduction: The South African government enforced various alcohol sale restrictions during the COVID-19 lockdown in order to reduce hospital admissions related to alcohol-associated injuries. A cross-sectional study was performed to describe the temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: Data from all trauma-related patients presenting to the emergency centre of Mitchells Plain Hospital from 01/03/2020 till 29/9/2020 and corresponding periods during 2019 were exported from an existing database. The relationship between variables was determined with the χ2-test, Fisher's exact test, independent samples median test or t-test. A sub-analysis compared similar 2020 lockdown levels when a second alcohol ban were instituted while most business were allowed to operate (level 3b – alcohol banned versus level 3 – alcohol restricted). Results: Total number of trauma presentations were 539 (14.6%) less in 2020 (n = 3160) than in 2019 (n = 3699); the mean number decreased by 2.5 per day (95% CI −2.9 to −2.1). Lockdown levels with an alcohol ban had on average 4.8 less patients per day than corresponding periods in 2019 (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in lockdown levels with alcohol sale restrictions (mean difference per day −0.4, p = 0.195). Trauma presentations increased significantly (mean difference per day 7.0 (95% CI 6.5 to 7.5)) from 2020 lockdown levels with alcohol sales ban (mean per day 11.4) to 2020 lockdown levels with alcohol sale restrictions (mean per day 18.4). Significantly less patients (mean −3.2 (95% CI −3.9 to −2.5)) presented during 2020 lockdown level 3b (alcohol sales banned, mean 13.9) compared to level 3 (alcohol sales restricted, mean 17.1). Conclusion: Temporal changes in trauma were observed according to alcohol sale restrictions during South Africa's COVID-19 lockdown periods. Significantly less trauma cases presented during periods with an alcohol ban compared to periods where alcohol sales were only restricted.Daniel J. van HovingCandice van KoningsbruggenMartin de ManClint HendrikseElsevierarticleAlcoholInjuriesTraumaCOVID-19RestrictionsMedicineRMedicine (General)R5-920ENAfrican Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 4, Pp 477-482 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alcohol Injuries Trauma COVID-19 Restrictions Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Alcohol Injuries Trauma COVID-19 Restrictions Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920 Daniel J. van Hoving Candice van Koningsbruggen Martin de Man Clint Hendrikse Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown
description	Introduction: The South African government enforced various alcohol sale restrictions during the COVID-19 lockdown in order to reduce hospital admissions related to alcohol-associated injuries. A cross-sectional study was performed to describe the temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: Data from all trauma-related patients presenting to the emergency centre of Mitchells Plain Hospital from 01/03/2020 till 29/9/2020 and corresponding periods during 2019 were exported from an existing database. The relationship between variables was determined with the χ2-test, Fisher's exact test, independent samples median test or t-test. A sub-analysis compared similar 2020 lockdown levels when a second alcohol ban were instituted while most business were allowed to operate (level 3b – alcohol banned versus level 3 – alcohol restricted). Results: Total number of trauma presentations were 539 (14.6%) less in 2020 (n = 3160) than in 2019 (n = 3699); the mean number decreased by 2.5 per day (95% CI −2.9 to −2.1). Lockdown levels with an alcohol ban had on average 4.8 less patients per day than corresponding periods in 2019 (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in lockdown levels with alcohol sale restrictions (mean difference per day −0.4, p = 0.195). Trauma presentations increased significantly (mean difference per day 7.0 (95% CI 6.5 to 7.5)) from 2020 lockdown levels with alcohol sales ban (mean per day 11.4) to 2020 lockdown levels with alcohol sale restrictions (mean per day 18.4). Significantly less patients (mean −3.2 (95% CI −3.9 to −2.5)) presented during 2020 lockdown level 3b (alcohol sales banned, mean 13.9) compared to level 3 (alcohol sales restricted, mean 17.1). Conclusion: Temporal changes in trauma were observed according to alcohol sale restrictions during South Africa's COVID-19 lockdown periods. Significantly less trauma cases presented during periods with an alcohol ban compared to periods where alcohol sales were only restricted.
format	article
author	Daniel J. van Hoving Candice van Koningsbruggen Martin de Man Clint Hendrikse
author_facet	Daniel J. van Hoving Candice van Koningsbruggen Martin de Man Clint Hendrikse
author_sort	Daniel J. van Hoving
title	Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown
title_short	Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown
title_full	Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown
title_fullStr	Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown
title_full_unstemmed	Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown
title_sort	temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the south african national covid-19 lockdown
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce5dae7aefa94cef953f9aa88d61d2fe
work_keys_str_mv	AT danieljvanhoving temporalchangesintraumaaccordingtoalcoholsalerestrictionsduringthesouthafricannationalcovid19lockdown AT candicevankoningsbruggen temporalchangesintraumaaccordingtoalcoholsalerestrictionsduringthesouthafricannationalcovid19lockdown AT martindeman temporalchangesintraumaaccordingtoalcoholsalerestrictionsduringthesouthafricannationalcovid19lockdown AT clinthendrikse temporalchangesintraumaaccordingtoalcoholsalerestrictionsduringthesouthafricannationalcovid19lockdown
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Temporal changes in trauma according to alcohol sale restrictions during the South African national COVID-19 lockdown

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