The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World
The Pantanal is the largest wetland of the world and one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in South America. An unprecedented ongoing megadrought is severely affecting its ecological functioning, flood pulse dynamics, and fire regime. Regarding this problematic, the present study generates...
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oai:doaj.org-article:ce5f088597c34ec4b61c81250650fcac2021-11-11T19:55:20ZThe Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World10.3390/w132130342073-4441https://doaj.org/article/ce5f088597c34ec4b61c81250650fcac2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/21/3034https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441The Pantanal is the largest wetland of the world and one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in South America. An unprecedented ongoing megadrought is severely affecting its ecological functioning, flood pulse dynamics, and fire regime. Regarding this problematic, the present study generates reliable information about the following key issues: 1—Evolution and dynamics, 2—Origin and determinants, and 3—Forecast based on identified determinants and current trends. Results show that the evolution of the megadrought has been differentiable in both, space and time. As for its origin and determinants, Climate Change was ratified as one of the most important threats to the Pantanal, and to vast areas of South America, since a strong correlation was identified between megadrought’s dynamics and the occurrence of intense marine heatwaves at Northern Hemisphere oceanic waters, and more specifically, at the Northeast Pacific. Results also show that the megadrought is expected to continue at both the Pantanal and the surrounding Highlands, at least until December 2023. Thus, an intensification of fires risk, extending now to areas historically flooded or perhumid should be expected, concomitantly to a very negative impact on non-fire-resistant vegetation cover, as well as ecosystem functioning and biodiversity, perhaps even worse than those from 2020, widely covered by the international media.Dirk ThielenPaolo Ramoni-PerazziMary L. PucheMarco MárquezJosé Isrrael QuinteroWilmer RojasAlejandra Soto-WerschitzKai ThielenAna NunesRenata LibonatiMDPI AGarticlemegadroughtprecipitationextreme climate eventPantanalwetlandBrazilHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3034, p 3034 (2021) |
| institution |
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| collection |
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| language |
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| topic |
megadrought precipitation extreme climate event Pantanal wetland Brazil Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
| spellingShingle |
megadrought precipitation extreme climate event Pantanal wetland Brazil Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Dirk Thielen Paolo Ramoni-Perazzi Mary L. Puche Marco Márquez José Isrrael Quintero Wilmer Rojas Alejandra Soto-Werschitz Kai Thielen Ana Nunes Renata Libonati The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World |
| description |
The Pantanal is the largest wetland of the world and one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in South America. An unprecedented ongoing megadrought is severely affecting its ecological functioning, flood pulse dynamics, and fire regime. Regarding this problematic, the present study generates reliable information about the following key issues: 1—Evolution and dynamics, 2—Origin and determinants, and 3—Forecast based on identified determinants and current trends. Results show that the evolution of the megadrought has been differentiable in both, space and time. As for its origin and determinants, Climate Change was ratified as one of the most important threats to the Pantanal, and to vast areas of South America, since a strong correlation was identified between megadrought’s dynamics and the occurrence of intense marine heatwaves at Northern Hemisphere oceanic waters, and more specifically, at the Northeast Pacific. Results also show that the megadrought is expected to continue at both the Pantanal and the surrounding Highlands, at least until December 2023. Thus, an intensification of fires risk, extending now to areas historically flooded or perhumid should be expected, concomitantly to a very negative impact on non-fire-resistant vegetation cover, as well as ecosystem functioning and biodiversity, perhaps even worse than those from 2020, widely covered by the international media. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Dirk Thielen Paolo Ramoni-Perazzi Mary L. Puche Marco Márquez José Isrrael Quintero Wilmer Rojas Alejandra Soto-Werschitz Kai Thielen Ana Nunes Renata Libonati |
| author_facet |
Dirk Thielen Paolo Ramoni-Perazzi Mary L. Puche Marco Márquez José Isrrael Quintero Wilmer Rojas Alejandra Soto-Werschitz Kai Thielen Ana Nunes Renata Libonati |
| author_sort |
Dirk Thielen |
| title |
The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World |
| title_short |
The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World |
| title_full |
The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World |
| title_fullStr |
The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Pantanal under Siege—On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World |
| title_sort |
pantanal under siege—on the origin, dynamics and forecast of the megadrought severely affecting the largest wetland in the world |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/ce5f088597c34ec4b61c81250650fcac |
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