Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage
Increasing soil salinity due to global warming severely restricts crop growth and yield. To select and recommend salt-tolerant cultivars, extensive genotypic screening and examination of plants’ morpho-physiological responses to salt stress are required. In this study, 18 prescreened maize hybrid cu...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:ce61a6e928bb48808c0366789a8833ba2021-11-25T18:47:37ZCharacterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage10.3390/plants101125492223-7747https://doaj.org/article/ce61a6e928bb48808c0366789a8833ba2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2549https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Increasing soil salinity due to global warming severely restricts crop growth and yield. To select and recommend salt-tolerant cultivars, extensive genotypic screening and examination of plants’ morpho-physiological responses to salt stress are required. In this study, 18 prescreened maize hybrid cultivars were examined at the early growth stage under a hydroponic system using multivariate analysis to demonstrate the genotypic and phenotypic variations of the selected cultivars under salt stress. The seedlings of all maize cultivars were evaluated with two salt levels: control (without NaCl) and salt stress (12 dS m<sup>−1</sup> simulated with NaCl) for 28 d. A total of 18 morpho-physiological and ion accumulation traits were dissected using multivariate analysis, and salt tolerance index (STI) values of the examined traits were evaluated for grouping of cultivars into salt-tolerant and -sensitive groups. Salt stress significantly declined all measured traits except root–shoot ratio (RSR), while the cultivars responded differently. The cultivars were grouped into three clusters and the cultivars in Cluster-1 such as Prabhat, UniGreen NK41, Bisco 51, UniGreen UB100, Bharati 981 and Star Beej 7Star exhibited salt tolerance to a greater extent, accounting for higher STI in comparison to other cultivars grouped in Cluster-2 and Cluster-3. The high heritability (h<sup>2</sup><sub>bs</sub>, >60%) and genetic advance (GAM, >20%) were recorded in 13 measured traits, indicating considerable genetic variations present in these traits. Therefore, using multivariate analysis based on the measured traits, six hybrid maize cultivars were selected as salt-tolerant and some traits such as Total Fresh Weight (TFW), Total Dry Weight (TDW), Total Na<sup>+</sup>, Total K<sup>+</sup> contents and K<sup>+</sup>–Na<sup>+</sup> Ratio could be effectively used for the selection criteria evaluating salt-tolerant maize genotypes at the early seedling stage.Md Al Samsul HuqeMd Sabibul HaqueAshaduzzaman SagarMd Nesar UddinMd Alamgir HossainAKM Zakir HossainMd Mustafizur RahmanXiukang WangIbrahim Al-AshkarAkihiro UedaAyman EL SabaghMDPI AGarticlesalt tolerance indexprincipal component analysisplant biomassion accumulationmaize hybridheritabilityBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2549, p 2549 (2021) |
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| topic |
salt tolerance index principal component analysis plant biomass ion accumulation maize hybrid heritability Botany QK1-989 |
| spellingShingle |
salt tolerance index principal component analysis plant biomass ion accumulation maize hybrid heritability Botany QK1-989 Md Al Samsul Huqe Md Sabibul Haque Ashaduzzaman Sagar Md Nesar Uddin Md Alamgir Hossain AKM Zakir Hossain Md Mustafizur Rahman Xiukang Wang Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Akihiro Ueda Ayman EL Sabagh Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage |
| description |
Increasing soil salinity due to global warming severely restricts crop growth and yield. To select and recommend salt-tolerant cultivars, extensive genotypic screening and examination of plants’ morpho-physiological responses to salt stress are required. In this study, 18 prescreened maize hybrid cultivars were examined at the early growth stage under a hydroponic system using multivariate analysis to demonstrate the genotypic and phenotypic variations of the selected cultivars under salt stress. The seedlings of all maize cultivars were evaluated with two salt levels: control (without NaCl) and salt stress (12 dS m<sup>−1</sup> simulated with NaCl) for 28 d. A total of 18 morpho-physiological and ion accumulation traits were dissected using multivariate analysis, and salt tolerance index (STI) values of the examined traits were evaluated for grouping of cultivars into salt-tolerant and -sensitive groups. Salt stress significantly declined all measured traits except root–shoot ratio (RSR), while the cultivars responded differently. The cultivars were grouped into three clusters and the cultivars in Cluster-1 such as Prabhat, UniGreen NK41, Bisco 51, UniGreen UB100, Bharati 981 and Star Beej 7Star exhibited salt tolerance to a greater extent, accounting for higher STI in comparison to other cultivars grouped in Cluster-2 and Cluster-3. The high heritability (h<sup>2</sup><sub>bs</sub>, >60%) and genetic advance (GAM, >20%) were recorded in 13 measured traits, indicating considerable genetic variations present in these traits. Therefore, using multivariate analysis based on the measured traits, six hybrid maize cultivars were selected as salt-tolerant and some traits such as Total Fresh Weight (TFW), Total Dry Weight (TDW), Total Na<sup>+</sup>, Total K<sup>+</sup> contents and K<sup>+</sup>–Na<sup>+</sup> Ratio could be effectively used for the selection criteria evaluating salt-tolerant maize genotypes at the early seedling stage. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Md Al Samsul Huqe Md Sabibul Haque Ashaduzzaman Sagar Md Nesar Uddin Md Alamgir Hossain AKM Zakir Hossain Md Mustafizur Rahman Xiukang Wang Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Akihiro Ueda Ayman EL Sabagh |
| author_facet |
Md Al Samsul Huqe Md Sabibul Haque Ashaduzzaman Sagar Md Nesar Uddin Md Alamgir Hossain AKM Zakir Hossain Md Mustafizur Rahman Xiukang Wang Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Akihiro Ueda Ayman EL Sabagh |
| author_sort |
Md Al Samsul Huqe |
| title |
Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage |
| title_short |
Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage |
| title_full |
Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage |
| title_fullStr |
Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of Maize Hybrids (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage |
| title_sort |
characterization of maize hybrids (<i>zea mays</i> l.) for detecting salt tolerance based on morpho-physiological characteristics, ion accumulation and genetic variability at early vegetative stage |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/ce61a6e928bb48808c0366789a8833ba |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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