From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art

Rapid urbanization, industrial development, and climate change have resulted in water pollution and in the quality deterioration of surface and groundwater at an alarming rate, deeming its quick, accurate, and inexpensive detection imperative. Despite the latest developments in sensor technologies,...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Thulane Paepae, Pitshou N. Bokoro, Kyandoghere Kyamakya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	review soft sensor physical sensor irrigation water quality parameters low cost specification book Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce6b2a2344f546ddadcbac74118d8e68
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:ce6b2a2344f546ddadcbac74118d8e68
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce6b2a2344f546ddadcbac74118d8e682021-11-11T19:01:13ZFrom Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art10.3390/s212169711424-8220https://doaj.org/article/ce6b2a2344f546ddadcbac74118d8e682021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/6971https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220Rapid urbanization, industrial development, and climate change have resulted in water pollution and in the quality deterioration of surface and groundwater at an alarming rate, deeming its quick, accurate, and inexpensive detection imperative. Despite the latest developments in sensor technologies, real-time determination of certain parameters is not easy or uneconomical. In such cases, the use of data-derived virtual sensors can be an effective alternative. In this paper, the feasibility of virtual sensing for water quality assessment is reviewed. The review focuses on the overview of key water quality parameters for a particular use case and the development of the corresponding cost estimates for their monitoring. The review further evaluates the current state-of-the-art in terms of the modeling approaches used, parameters studied, and whether the inputs were pre-processed by interrogating relevant literature published between 2001 and 2021. The review identified artificial neural networks, random forest, and multiple linear regression as dominant machine learning techniques used for developing inferential models. The survey also highlights the need for a comprehensive virtual sensing system in an internet of things environment. Thus, the review formulates the specification book for the advanced water quality assessment process (that involves a virtual sensing module) that can enable near real-time monitoring of water quality.Thulane PaepaePitshou N. BokoroKyandoghere KyamakyaMDPI AGarticlereviewsoft sensorphysical sensorirrigation water quality parameterslow costspecification bookChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 6971, p 6971 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	review soft sensor physical sensor irrigation water quality parameters low cost specification book Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	review soft sensor physical sensor irrigation water quality parameters low cost specification book Chemical technology TP1-1185 Thulane Paepae Pitshou N. Bokoro Kyandoghere Kyamakya From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art
description	Rapid urbanization, industrial development, and climate change have resulted in water pollution and in the quality deterioration of surface and groundwater at an alarming rate, deeming its quick, accurate, and inexpensive detection imperative. Despite the latest developments in sensor technologies, real-time determination of certain parameters is not easy or uneconomical. In such cases, the use of data-derived virtual sensors can be an effective alternative. In this paper, the feasibility of virtual sensing for water quality assessment is reviewed. The review focuses on the overview of key water quality parameters for a particular use case and the development of the corresponding cost estimates for their monitoring. The review further evaluates the current state-of-the-art in terms of the modeling approaches used, parameters studied, and whether the inputs were pre-processed by interrogating relevant literature published between 2001 and 2021. The review identified artificial neural networks, random forest, and multiple linear regression as dominant machine learning techniques used for developing inferential models. The survey also highlights the need for a comprehensive virtual sensing system in an internet of things environment. Thus, the review formulates the specification book for the advanced water quality assessment process (that involves a virtual sensing module) that can enable near real-time monitoring of water quality.
format	article
author	Thulane Paepae Pitshou N. Bokoro Kyandoghere Kyamakya
author_facet	Thulane Paepae Pitshou N. Bokoro Kyandoghere Kyamakya
author_sort	Thulane Paepae
title	From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art
title_short	From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art
title_full	From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art
title_fullStr	From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art
title_full_unstemmed	From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art
title_sort	from fully physical to virtual sensing for water quality assessment: a comprehensive review of the relevant state-of-the-art
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce6b2a2344f546ddadcbac74118d8e68
work_keys_str_mv	AT thulanepaepae fromfullyphysicaltovirtualsensingforwaterqualityassessmentacomprehensivereviewoftherelevantstateoftheart AT pitshounbokoro fromfullyphysicaltovirtualsensingforwaterqualityassessmentacomprehensivereviewoftherelevantstateoftheart AT kyandogherekyamakya fromfullyphysicaltovirtualsensingforwaterqualityassessmentacomprehensivereviewoftherelevantstateoftheart
_version_	1718431671062102016

From Fully Physical to Virtual Sensing for Water Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Relevant State-of-the-Art

Ejemplares similares