Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey

Karl Peltzer,1 Supa Pengpid1,2 1Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; 2ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhonpathom, ThailandCorrespondence: Karl PeltzerResearch and Innovation Office, North-West University, Potchefstr...

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Autores principales:	Peltzer K, Pengpid S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	hiv-related stigma people living with hiv survey south africa Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce93ef18ec9d42b1b9997d11d33a0ea8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce93ef18ec9d42b1b9997d11d33a0ea82021-12-02T04:43:45ZPrevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/ce93ef18ec9d42b1b9997d11d33a0ea82019-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-and-associated-factors-of-enacted-internalized-and-anticipa-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Karl Peltzer,1 Supa Pengpid1,2 1Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; 2ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhonpathom, ThailandCorrespondence: Karl PeltzerResearch and Innovation Office, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 11 Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom 2531, South AfricaEmail kfpeltzer@gmail.comBackground: This paper reports on the first national implementation of the “People Living with HIV (PLHIV) Stigma Index” in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of HIV-related stigma in a large sample of PLHIV in South Africa.Methods: This cross-sectional survey interviewed 10,473 PLHIV 15 years and older with the PLHIV Stigma Index in two districts per province (N=9) in South Africa in 2014.Results: The two most common enacted HIV-related stigma items were “being gossiped about” (20.6%) and “experienced discrimination” (15.1%); internalized stigma was ”blaming oneself” (30.5%) and ashamed (28.7%); avoidance due to internalized stigma was “decided not to have (more) children” (32.4%) and “decided not to get married” (14.9%), and the two most endorsed anticipated stigma were “being gossiped about” (28.6%) and not want to be sexually intimate (21.1%) Various sociodemographic factors, such as younger age, being female, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and lower wealth status, and health-related variables, such as poorer self-rated health status, having a physical disability, and not being a member of an HIV support group, were identified as associated with overall HIV-related stigma as well as several HIV-related stigma sub-scales.Conclusion: The majority of PLHIV had overall HIV-related stigma, almost half had internalized, or anticipated HIV-related stigma and a minority had enacted HIV-related stigma. Findings can be used to guide intervention programs to reduce HIV-related stigma in South Africa.Keywords: HIV-related stigma, people living with HIV, survey, South Africa  Peltzer KPengpid SDove Medical Pressarticlehiv-related stigmapeople living with hivsurveysouth africaImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 11, Pp 275-285 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hiv-related stigma people living with hiv survey south africa Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	hiv-related stigma people living with hiv survey south africa Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Peltzer K Pengpid S Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey
description	Karl Peltzer,1 Supa Pengpid1,2 1Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; 2ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhonpathom, ThailandCorrespondence: Karl PeltzerResearch and Innovation Office, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 11 Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom 2531, South AfricaEmail kfpeltzer@gmail.comBackground: This paper reports on the first national implementation of the “People Living with HIV (PLHIV) Stigma Index” in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of HIV-related stigma in a large sample of PLHIV in South Africa.Methods: This cross-sectional survey interviewed 10,473 PLHIV 15 years and older with the PLHIV Stigma Index in two districts per province (N=9) in South Africa in 2014.Results: The two most common enacted HIV-related stigma items were “being gossiped about” (20.6%) and “experienced discrimination” (15.1%); internalized stigma was ”blaming oneself” (30.5%) and ashamed (28.7%); avoidance due to internalized stigma was “decided not to have (more) children” (32.4%) and “decided not to get married” (14.9%), and the two most endorsed anticipated stigma were “being gossiped about” (28.6%) and not want to be sexually intimate (21.1%) Various sociodemographic factors, such as younger age, being female, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and lower wealth status, and health-related variables, such as poorer self-rated health status, having a physical disability, and not being a member of an HIV support group, were identified as associated with overall HIV-related stigma as well as several HIV-related stigma sub-scales.Conclusion: The majority of PLHIV had overall HIV-related stigma, almost half had internalized, or anticipated HIV-related stigma and a minority had enacted HIV-related stigma. Findings can be used to guide intervention programs to reduce HIV-related stigma in South Africa.Keywords: HIV-related stigma, people living with HIV, survey, South Africa
format	article
author	Peltzer K Pengpid S
author_facet	Peltzer K Pengpid S
author_sort	Peltzer K
title	Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey
title_short	Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey
title_full	Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey
title_fullStr	Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey
title_sort	prevalence and associated factors of enacted, internalized and anticipated stigma among people living with hiv in south africa: results of the first national survey
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce93ef18ec9d42b1b9997d11d33a0ea8
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Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Enacted, Internalized And Anticipated Stigma Among People Living With HIV In South Africa: Results Of The First National Survey

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