CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.

<h4>Background</h4>Ethanol is a potent teratogen. Its adverse neural effects are partly mediated by disrupting fetal neurogenesis. The teratogenic process is poorly understood, and vulnerable neurogenic stages have not been identified. Identifying these is a prerequisite for therapeutic...

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Autores principales:	Joseph D Tingling, Shameena Bake, Rhonda Holgate, Jeremy Rawlings, Phillips P Nagsuk, Jayashree Chandrasekharan, Sarah L Schneider, Rajesh C Miranda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ce9e6941fcb04f51852296975e7b7862
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ce9e6941fcb04f51852296975e7b78622021-11-18T09:03:37ZCD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0069560https://doaj.org/article/ce9e6941fcb04f51852296975e7b78622013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23894503/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Ethanol is a potent teratogen. Its adverse neural effects are partly mediated by disrupting fetal neurogenesis. The teratogenic process is poorly understood, and vulnerable neurogenic stages have not been identified. Identifying these is a prerequisite for therapeutic interventions to mitigate effects of teratogen exposures.<h4>Methods</h4>We used flow cytometry and qRT-PCR to screen fetal mouse-derived neurosphere cultures for ethanol-sensitive neural stem cell (NSC) subpopulations, to study NSC renewal and differentiation. The identity of vulnerable NSC populations was validated in vivo, using a maternal ethanol exposure model. Finally, the effect of ethanol exposure on the ability of vulnerable NSC subpopulations to integrate into the fetal neurogenic environment was assessed following ultrasound guided, adoptive transfer.<h4>Results</h4>Ethanol decreased NSC mRNAs for c-kit, Musashi-1and GFAP. The CD24(+) NSC population, specifically the CD24(+)CD15(+) double-positive subpopulation, was selectively decreased by ethanol. Maternal ethanol exposure also resulted in decreased fetal forebrain CD24 expression. Ethanol pre-exposed CD24(+) cells exhibited increased proliferation, and deficits in cell-autonomous and cue-directed neuronal differentiation, and following orthotopic transplantation into naïve fetuses, were unable to integrate into neurogenic niches. CD24(depleted) cells retained neurosphere regeneration capacity, but following ethanol exposure, generated increased numbers of CD24(+) cells relative to controls.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Neuronal lineage committed CD24(+) cells exhibit specific vulnerability, and ethanol exposure persistently impairs this population's cell-autonomous differentiation capacity. CD24(+) cells may additionally serve as quorum sensors within neurogenic niches; their loss, leading to compensatory NSC activation, perhaps depleting renewal capacity. These data collectively advance a mechanistic hypothesis for teratogenesis leading to microencephaly.Joseph D TinglingShameena BakeRhonda HolgateJeremy RawlingsPhillips P NagsukJayashree ChandrasekharanSarah L SchneiderRajesh C MirandaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 7, p e69560 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joseph D Tingling Shameena Bake Rhonda Holgate Jeremy Rawlings Phillips P Nagsuk Jayashree Chandrasekharan Sarah L Schneider Rajesh C Miranda CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Ethanol is a potent teratogen. Its adverse neural effects are partly mediated by disrupting fetal neurogenesis. The teratogenic process is poorly understood, and vulnerable neurogenic stages have not been identified. Identifying these is a prerequisite for therapeutic interventions to mitigate effects of teratogen exposures.<h4>Methods</h4>We used flow cytometry and qRT-PCR to screen fetal mouse-derived neurosphere cultures for ethanol-sensitive neural stem cell (NSC) subpopulations, to study NSC renewal and differentiation. The identity of vulnerable NSC populations was validated in vivo, using a maternal ethanol exposure model. Finally, the effect of ethanol exposure on the ability of vulnerable NSC subpopulations to integrate into the fetal neurogenic environment was assessed following ultrasound guided, adoptive transfer.<h4>Results</h4>Ethanol decreased NSC mRNAs for c-kit, Musashi-1and GFAP. The CD24(+) NSC population, specifically the CD24(+)CD15(+) double-positive subpopulation, was selectively decreased by ethanol. Maternal ethanol exposure also resulted in decreased fetal forebrain CD24 expression. Ethanol pre-exposed CD24(+) cells exhibited increased proliferation, and deficits in cell-autonomous and cue-directed neuronal differentiation, and following orthotopic transplantation into naïve fetuses, were unable to integrate into neurogenic niches. CD24(depleted) cells retained neurosphere regeneration capacity, but following ethanol exposure, generated increased numbers of CD24(+) cells relative to controls.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Neuronal lineage committed CD24(+) cells exhibit specific vulnerability, and ethanol exposure persistently impairs this population's cell-autonomous differentiation capacity. CD24(+) cells may additionally serve as quorum sensors within neurogenic niches; their loss, leading to compensatory NSC activation, perhaps depleting renewal capacity. These data collectively advance a mechanistic hypothesis for teratogenesis leading to microencephaly.
format	article
author	Joseph D Tingling Shameena Bake Rhonda Holgate Jeremy Rawlings Phillips P Nagsuk Jayashree Chandrasekharan Sarah L Schneider Rajesh C Miranda
author_facet	Joseph D Tingling Shameena Bake Rhonda Holgate Jeremy Rawlings Phillips P Nagsuk Jayashree Chandrasekharan Sarah L Schneider Rajesh C Miranda
author_sort	Joseph D Tingling
title	CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
title_short	CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
title_full	CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
title_fullStr	CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
title_full_unstemmed	CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
title_sort	cd24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/ce9e6941fcb04f51852296975e7b7862
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CD24 expression identifies teratogen-sensitive fetal neural stem cell subpopulations: evidence from developmental ethanol exposure and orthotopic cell transfer models.

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