Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts

Abstract Laboulbeniales are a highly specialized group of fungi living only on arthropods. They have high host specificity and spend their entire life-cycle on an arthropod host. Taxonomic characters of Laboulbeniales are based on the architecture of the cells of the parenchymal thallus, i.e. the vi...

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Autores principales:	Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira, Leif Moritz, Sergi Santamaria, Henrik Enghoff
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cec17369b3c14905a8c5b1cc68e3035e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cec17369b3c14905a8c5b1cc68e3035e2021-11-14T12:22:51ZPenetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts10.1038/s41598-021-01729-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cec17369b3c14905a8c5b1cc68e3035e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01729-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Laboulbeniales are a highly specialized group of fungi living only on arthropods. They have high host specificity and spend their entire life-cycle on an arthropod host. Taxonomic characters of Laboulbeniales are based on the architecture of the cells of the parenchymal thallus, i.e. the visible part of the fungus outside the host. The extent of the fungus spreading inside the host—the haustorium—remains largely unknown. The attachment to the arthropod host is fundamental to understand the fungus-animal interaction, but how this truly occurs is unclear. Recent evidences question the strictly parasitic life-style of Laboulbeniales. We used micro-computed tomography (µCT) and 3D reconstructions to visualize, for the first time, the complete structure of Laboulbeniales species in situ on their hosts. We compared the haustoriate species, Arthrorhynchus nycteribiae on an insect host to the non-haustoriate species, Rickia gigas on a millipede host. Our results confirm that some Laboulbeniales species are ectoparasitic and have a haustorial structure that penetrates the host’s cuticle, while others are ectobionts and are only firmly attached to the host’s cuticle without penetrating it. The presence and the morphology of the haustorium are important traits for Laboulbeniales evolution, and key factors for future understanding of host dependence and specificity.Ana Sofia P. S. ReboleiraLeif MoritzSergi SantamariaHenrik EnghoffNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira Leif Moritz Sergi Santamaria Henrik Enghoff Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
description	Abstract Laboulbeniales are a highly specialized group of fungi living only on arthropods. They have high host specificity and spend their entire life-cycle on an arthropod host. Taxonomic characters of Laboulbeniales are based on the architecture of the cells of the parenchymal thallus, i.e. the visible part of the fungus outside the host. The extent of the fungus spreading inside the host—the haustorium—remains largely unknown. The attachment to the arthropod host is fundamental to understand the fungus-animal interaction, but how this truly occurs is unclear. Recent evidences question the strictly parasitic life-style of Laboulbeniales. We used micro-computed tomography (µCT) and 3D reconstructions to visualize, for the first time, the complete structure of Laboulbeniales species in situ on their hosts. We compared the haustoriate species, Arthrorhynchus nycteribiae on an insect host to the non-haustoriate species, Rickia gigas on a millipede host. Our results confirm that some Laboulbeniales species are ectoparasitic and have a haustorial structure that penetrates the host’s cuticle, while others are ectobionts and are only firmly attached to the host’s cuticle without penetrating it. The presence and the morphology of the haustorium are important traits for Laboulbeniales evolution, and key factors for future understanding of host dependence and specificity.
format	article
author	Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira Leif Moritz Sergi Santamaria Henrik Enghoff
author_facet	Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira Leif Moritz Sergi Santamaria Henrik Enghoff
author_sort	Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira
title	Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
title_short	Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
title_full	Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
title_fullStr	Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
title_full_unstemmed	Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
title_sort	penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/cec17369b3c14905a8c5b1cc68e3035e
work_keys_str_mv	AT anasofiapsreboleira penetrativeandnonpenetrativeinteractionbetweenlaboulbenialesfungiandtheirarthropodhosts AT leifmoritz penetrativeandnonpenetrativeinteractionbetweenlaboulbenialesfungiandtheirarthropodhosts AT sergisantamaria penetrativeandnonpenetrativeinteractionbetweenlaboulbenialesfungiandtheirarthropodhosts AT henrikenghoff penetrativeandnonpenetrativeinteractionbetweenlaboulbenialesfungiandtheirarthropodhosts
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Penetrative and non-penetrative interaction between Laboulbeniales fungi and their arthropod hosts

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