Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model

ABSTRACT Granulomas sit at the center of tuberculosis (TB) immunopathogenesis. Progress in biomarkers and treatment specific to the human granuloma environment is hindered by the lack of a relevant and tractable infection model that better accounts for the complexity of the host immune response as w...

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Autores principales:	Evelyn Guirado, Uchenna Mbawuike, Tracy L. Keiser, Jesus Arcos, Abul K. Azad, Shu-Hua Wang, Larry S. Schlesinger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2015
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ceecad224c5644c08fe53e30eda305df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ceecad224c5644c08fe53e30eda305df2021-11-15T15:41:18ZCharacterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model10.1128/mBio.02537-142150-7511https://doaj.org/article/ceecad224c5644c08fe53e30eda305df2015-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02537-14https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Granulomas sit at the center of tuberculosis (TB) immunopathogenesis. Progress in biomarkers and treatment specific to the human granuloma environment is hindered by the lack of a relevant and tractable infection model that better accounts for the complexity of the host immune response as well as pathogen counterresponses that subvert host immunity in granulomas. Here we developed and characterized an in vitro granuloma model derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and autologous serum. Importantly, we interrogated this model for its ability to discriminate between host and bacterial determinants in individuals with and without latent TB infection (LTBI). By the use of this model, we provide the first evidence that granuloma formation, bacterial survival, lymphocyte proliferation, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and lipid body accumulation are significantly altered in LTBI individuals. Moreover, we show a specific transcriptional signature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with survival within human granuloma structures depending on the host immune status. Our report provides fundamentally new information on how the human host immune status and bacterial transcriptional signature may dictate early granuloma formation and outcome and provides evidence for the validity of the granuloma model and its potential applications. IMPORTANCE In 2012, approximately 1.3 million people died from tuberculosis (TB), the highest rate for any single bacterial pathogen. The long-term control of TB requires a better understanding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis in appropriate research models. Granulomas represent the characteristic host tissue response to TB, controlling the bacilli while concentrating the immune response to a limited area. However, complete eradication of bacteria does not occur, since M. tuberculosis has its own strategies to adapt and persist. Thus, the M. tuberculosis-containing granuloma represents a unique environment for dictating both the host immune response and the bacterial response. Here we developed and characterized an in vitro granuloma model derived from blood cells of individuals with latent TB infection that more accurately defines the human immune response and metabolic profiles of M. tuberculosis within this uniquely regulated immune environment. This model may also prove beneficial for understanding other granulomatous diseases.Evelyn GuiradoUchenna MbawuikeTracy L. KeiserJesus ArcosAbul K. AzadShu-Hua WangLarry S. SchlesingerAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 6, Iss 1 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Evelyn Guirado Uchenna Mbawuike Tracy L. Keiser Jesus Arcos Abul K. Azad Shu-Hua Wang Larry S. Schlesinger Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model
description	ABSTRACT Granulomas sit at the center of tuberculosis (TB) immunopathogenesis. Progress in biomarkers and treatment specific to the human granuloma environment is hindered by the lack of a relevant and tractable infection model that better accounts for the complexity of the host immune response as well as pathogen counterresponses that subvert host immunity in granulomas. Here we developed and characterized an in vitro granuloma model derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and autologous serum. Importantly, we interrogated this model for its ability to discriminate between host and bacterial determinants in individuals with and without latent TB infection (LTBI). By the use of this model, we provide the first evidence that granuloma formation, bacterial survival, lymphocyte proliferation, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and lipid body accumulation are significantly altered in LTBI individuals. Moreover, we show a specific transcriptional signature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with survival within human granuloma structures depending on the host immune status. Our report provides fundamentally new information on how the human host immune status and bacterial transcriptional signature may dictate early granuloma formation and outcome and provides evidence for the validity of the granuloma model and its potential applications. IMPORTANCE In 2012, approximately 1.3 million people died from tuberculosis (TB), the highest rate for any single bacterial pathogen. The long-term control of TB requires a better understanding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis in appropriate research models. Granulomas represent the characteristic host tissue response to TB, controlling the bacilli while concentrating the immune response to a limited area. However, complete eradication of bacteria does not occur, since M. tuberculosis has its own strategies to adapt and persist. Thus, the M. tuberculosis-containing granuloma represents a unique environment for dictating both the host immune response and the bacterial response. Here we developed and characterized an in vitro granuloma model derived from blood cells of individuals with latent TB infection that more accurately defines the human immune response and metabolic profiles of M. tuberculosis within this uniquely regulated immune environment. This model may also prove beneficial for understanding other granulomatous diseases.
format	article
author	Evelyn Guirado Uchenna Mbawuike Tracy L. Keiser Jesus Arcos Abul K. Azad Shu-Hua Wang Larry S. Schlesinger
author_facet	Evelyn Guirado Uchenna Mbawuike Tracy L. Keiser Jesus Arcos Abul K. Azad Shu-Hua Wang Larry S. Schlesinger
author_sort	Evelyn Guirado
title	Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model
title_short	Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model
title_full	Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model
title_fullStr	Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model
title_full_unstemmed	Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model
title_sort	characterization of host and microbial determinants in individuals with latent tuberculosis infection using a human granuloma model
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/ceecad224c5644c08fe53e30eda305df
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Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model

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