Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo

Abstract To induce the water solubility of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), we exfoliated and functionalized bulk h-BN with hydroxyl groups (h-BN-OH-n). Short-term studies showed that h-BN-OH-n induced low cytotoxicity in different models: insect haemocytes (in vivo), human erythrocytes and mouse fib...

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Autores principales:	Elżbieta Czarniewska, Lucyna Mrówczyńska, Magdalena Jędrzejczak-Silicka, Patryk Nowicki, Martyna Trukawka, Ewa Mijowska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cefe43a038824f2b84cf45ac1a4ec7fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cefe43a038824f2b84cf45ac1a4ec7fd2021-12-02T15:09:46ZNon-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo10.1038/s41598-019-50097-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cefe43a038824f2b84cf45ac1a4ec7fd2019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50097-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract To induce the water solubility of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), we exfoliated and functionalized bulk h-BN with hydroxyl groups (h-BN-OH-n). Short-term studies showed that h-BN-OH-n induced low cytotoxicity in different models: insect haemocytes (in vivo), human erythrocytes and mouse fibroblasts (in vitro). We also demonstrated that Alexa Fluor 647-h-BN-OH-n administered topically to the insects passed through the cuticle barrier and was phagocytosed by haemocytes. Nanoflakes did not affect the haemocyte cell membrane and did not interfere with the phagocytosis of latex beads. Long-term immunoassays showed that h-BN-OH-n, despite not inducing haemocytotoxicity, impaired nodulation, the most important cellular immune response in insects. The haemocytes exposed to h-BN-OH-n and then to bacteria differed in morphology and adhesiveness from the haemocytes exposed only to bacteria and exhibited the same morphology and adhesiveness as the control haemocytes. The h-BN-OH-n-induced decrease in nodulation can therefore result from the reduced ability of haemocytes to recognize bacteria, migrate to them or form microaggregates around them, which can lead to dysfunction of the immune system during pathogen infection. Long-term in vivo studies with animal models are still necessary to unambiguously confirm that h-BN is biocompatible and useful for application as a platform for drug delivery or for bioimaging.Elżbieta CzarniewskaLucyna MrówczyńskaMagdalena Jędrzejczak-SilickaPatryk NowickiMartyna TrukawkaEwa MijowskaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Elżbieta Czarniewska Lucyna Mrówczyńska Magdalena Jędrzejczak-Silicka Patryk Nowicki Martyna Trukawka Ewa Mijowska Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
description	Abstract To induce the water solubility of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), we exfoliated and functionalized bulk h-BN with hydroxyl groups (h-BN-OH-n). Short-term studies showed that h-BN-OH-n induced low cytotoxicity in different models: insect haemocytes (in vivo), human erythrocytes and mouse fibroblasts (in vitro). We also demonstrated that Alexa Fluor 647-h-BN-OH-n administered topically to the insects passed through the cuticle barrier and was phagocytosed by haemocytes. Nanoflakes did not affect the haemocyte cell membrane and did not interfere with the phagocytosis of latex beads. Long-term immunoassays showed that h-BN-OH-n, despite not inducing haemocytotoxicity, impaired nodulation, the most important cellular immune response in insects. The haemocytes exposed to h-BN-OH-n and then to bacteria differed in morphology and adhesiveness from the haemocytes exposed only to bacteria and exhibited the same morphology and adhesiveness as the control haemocytes. The h-BN-OH-n-induced decrease in nodulation can therefore result from the reduced ability of haemocytes to recognize bacteria, migrate to them or form microaggregates around them, which can lead to dysfunction of the immune system during pathogen infection. Long-term in vivo studies with animal models are still necessary to unambiguously confirm that h-BN is biocompatible and useful for application as a platform for drug delivery or for bioimaging.
format	article
author	Elżbieta Czarniewska Lucyna Mrówczyńska Magdalena Jędrzejczak-Silicka Patryk Nowicki Martyna Trukawka Ewa Mijowska
author_facet	Elżbieta Czarniewska Lucyna Mrówczyńska Magdalena Jędrzejczak-Silicka Patryk Nowicki Martyna Trukawka Ewa Mijowska
author_sort	Elżbieta Czarniewska
title	Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
title_short	Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
title_full	Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
title_fullStr	Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
title_full_unstemmed	Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
title_sort	non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/cefe43a038824f2b84cf45ac1a4ec7fd
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Non-cytotoxic hydroxyl-functionalized exfoliated boron nitride nanoflakes impair the immunological function of insect haemocytes in vivo

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