Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice

Abstract Is collaboration the fast choice for humans? Past studies proposed that cooperation is a behavioural default, based on Response Times (RT) findings. Here we contend that the individual’s reckoning of the immediate social environment shapes her predisposition to cooperate and, hence, respons...

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Autores principales:	Juana Castro Santa, Filippos Exadaktylos, Salvador Soto-Faraco
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/cf05e7b2d4d44c98ae90ae01c18bfc58
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:cf05e7b2d4d44c98ae90ae01c18bfc582021-12-02T16:08:15ZBeliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice10.1038/s41598-018-25926-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/cf05e7b2d4d44c98ae90ae01c18bfc582018-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25926-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Is collaboration the fast choice for humans? Past studies proposed that cooperation is a behavioural default, based on Response Times (RT) findings. Here we contend that the individual’s reckoning of the immediate social environment shapes her predisposition to cooperate and, hence, response latencies. In a social dilemma game, we manipulate the beliefs about the partner’s intentions to cooperate and show that they act as a switch that determines cooperation and defection RTs; when the partner’s intention to cooperate is perceived as high, cooperation choices are speeded up, while defection is slowed down. Importantly, this social context effect holds across varying expected payoffs, indicating that it modulates behaviour regardless of choices’ similarity in monetary terms. Moreover, this pattern is moderated by individual variability in social preferences: Among conditional cooperators, high cooperation beliefs speed up cooperation responses and slow down defection. Among free-riders, defection is always faster and more likely than cooperation, while high cooperation beliefs slow down all decisions. These results shed new light on the conflict of choices account of response latencies, as well as on the intuitive cooperation hypothesis, and can help to correctly interpret and reconcile previous, apparently contradictory results, by considering the role of context in social dilemmas.Juana Castro SantaFilippos ExadaktylosSalvador Soto-FaracoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Juana Castro Santa Filippos Exadaktylos Salvador Soto-Faraco Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
description	Abstract Is collaboration the fast choice for humans? Past studies proposed that cooperation is a behavioural default, based on Response Times (RT) findings. Here we contend that the individual’s reckoning of the immediate social environment shapes her predisposition to cooperate and, hence, response latencies. In a social dilemma game, we manipulate the beliefs about the partner’s intentions to cooperate and show that they act as a switch that determines cooperation and defection RTs; when the partner’s intention to cooperate is perceived as high, cooperation choices are speeded up, while defection is slowed down. Importantly, this social context effect holds across varying expected payoffs, indicating that it modulates behaviour regardless of choices’ similarity in monetary terms. Moreover, this pattern is moderated by individual variability in social preferences: Among conditional cooperators, high cooperation beliefs speed up cooperation responses and slow down defection. Among free-riders, defection is always faster and more likely than cooperation, while high cooperation beliefs slow down all decisions. These results shed new light on the conflict of choices account of response latencies, as well as on the intuitive cooperation hypothesis, and can help to correctly interpret and reconcile previous, apparently contradictory results, by considering the role of context in social dilemmas.
format	article
author	Juana Castro Santa Filippos Exadaktylos Salvador Soto-Faraco
author_facet	Juana Castro Santa Filippos Exadaktylos Salvador Soto-Faraco
author_sort	Juana Castro Santa
title	Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
title_short	Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
title_full	Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
title_fullStr	Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
title_full_unstemmed	Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
title_sort	beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/cf05e7b2d4d44c98ae90ae01c18bfc58
work_keys_str_mv	AT juanacastrosanta beliefsaboutothersintentionsdeterminewhethercooperationisthefasterchoice AT filipposexadaktylos beliefsaboutothersintentionsdeterminewhethercooperationisthefasterchoice AT salvadorsotofaraco beliefsaboutothersintentionsdeterminewhethercooperationisthefasterchoice
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Beliefs about others’ intentions determine whether cooperation is the faster choice

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